Mundo-Sagardía Jorge A, Calderón Rafael, Defendini Efraín
Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, U.P.R. School of Medicine, San Juan.
Bol Asoc Med P R. 2005 Oct-Dec;97(4):323-7.
Myxomas are the most common type of primary cardiac tumors. Around 70% of patients who have them are females, 86% occur in the left atrium and more than 90% are solitary. In the left atrium the usual site of attachment is in the fossa ovalis. Less common sites within the left atrium are the mitral valve or in areas near it. This patient, with a left atrial myxoma originating low in the interatrial septum near the mitral valve, is one of the first cases reported in Puerto Rico. The patient is a 41 year old female with no previous history of systemic illnesses who one month prior to admission developed episodes of chest pain and shortness of breath. A 2D echo, done by a local physician, revealed a mobile left atrial mass causing diastolic obstruction of the valve. She was referred to our institution for further evaluation. A transesophageal echo was done showing a large bilobulated mass connected to the lowermost portion of the atrial septum, close to the mitral annulus, specially to the anterior leaflet. It also showed concurrent mitral regurgitation caused by the mass. The tumor was successfully resected without major complications and it was proven to be connected to the septum 1 cm above the mitral annulus. Pathological examination confirmed it to be a myxoma.
黏液瘤是最常见的原发性心脏肿瘤类型。患有黏液瘤的患者中约70%为女性,86%发生于左心房,且超过90%为单发。在左心房,其常见附着部位是卵圆窝。左心房内较不常见的部位是二尖瓣或其附近区域。该患者患有起源于二尖瓣附近房间隔下部的左心房黏液瘤,是波多黎各报道的首批病例之一。患者为41岁女性,既往无全身疾病史,入院前一个月出现胸痛和气短发作。当地医生进行的二维超声心动图显示左心房有一活动肿物,导致瓣膜舒张期梗阻。她被转诊至我院进一步评估。经食管超声心动图显示一个大的分叶状肿物,与房间隔最下部相连,靠近二尖瓣环,特别是与前叶相连。还显示肿物导致了二尖瓣反流。肿瘤成功切除,无重大并发症,且证实其与二尖瓣环上方1厘米处的间隔相连。病理检查证实为黏液瘤。