Hollman Gunilla, Olsson Anders G, Ek Anna-Christina
Division of Nursing Science, Department of Medicine and Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden.
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2006 Mar-Apr;21(2):103-8. doi: 10.1097/00005082-200603000-00005.
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the most common genetic metabolic disorders and is associated with a high risk of premature coronary heart disease. Primary prevention directed at lifestyle changes, combined with preventive medical treatment, is the most important way to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease in individuals with FH. Knowledge about the condition and adherence to drug treatment may facilitate reaching treatment goals.
The purpose of this study was to describe disease knowledge and adherence to treatment in patients with FH.
Seventy-four patients, more than 18 years of age, with FH were asked to participate. A questionnaire on disease knowledge about FH and adherence to drug treatment was sent to the patients. Response rate was 92% (n = 68). Drug treatment, laboratory results, blood pressure, and smoking were also documented.
Most patients knew about cholesterol, prevention, and the reason for drug treatment but were less informed about the risk of genetic transmission and family history. No significant correlation was found between knowledge and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. A significant, negative correlation between adherence and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was found (r = -.354, P < .01).
Patients with FH had scant understanding about the risk of genetic transmission and family history. High adherence to drug prescription has significant correlation to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level.
家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）是最常见的遗传性代谢紊乱疾病之一，与早发性冠心病的高风险相关。针对生活方式改变并结合预防性药物治疗的一级预防，是降低FH患者冠心病风险的最重要途径。对病情的了解以及坚持药物治疗可能有助于实现治疗目标。
本研究旨在描述FH患者的疾病知识及治疗依从性。
邀请74例年龄超过18岁的FH患者参与。向患者发送了一份关于FH疾病知识及药物治疗依从性的问卷。回复率为92%（n = 68）。还记录了药物治疗、实验室检查结果、血压和吸烟情况。
大多数患者了解胆固醇、预防措施及药物治疗的原因，但对遗传传递风险和家族史的了解较少。知识水平与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平之间未发现显著相关性。发现依从性与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平之间存在显著的负相关（r = -0.354，P < 0.01）。
FH患者对遗传传递风险和家族史了解甚少。药物处方的高依从性与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著相关。
