O'Neill Michel, Simard Paule
Faculty of Nursing and Groupe de recherche et d'intervention en promotion de la santé (GRIPSUL), Université Laval, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4.
Health Promot Int. 2006 Jun;21(2):145-52. doi: 10.1093/heapro/dal006. Epub 2006 Apr 7.
Ever since their beginning in 1986, Healthy Cities projects all over the world have been confronted with the issue of evaluation. However, after 20 years, many key dilemmas constantly reappear, people often looking for a kind of 'magic' list of universally applicable indicators to evaluate these initiatives. In this article we address five questions, allowing to illustrate the evaluative dilemmas the Healthy Communities movement is confronted with: Why evaluate Healthy Cities? What should be evaluated? Evaluate for who? Who should undertake the evaluation? How should the evaluation be performed? We conclude by formulating three recommendations in order to stimulate exchanges and debate. Our argument is based on a recent thorough analysis of the evaluative literature pertaining to the Healthy Cities movement, as well as on two decades of reflection on and involvement with this issue locally, nationally and internationally.
自1986年启动以来，世界各地的健康城市项目一直面临评估问题。然而，20年后，许多关键困境不断重现，人们常常寻求一份普遍适用的指标“神奇”清单来评估这些举措。在本文中，我们提出五个问题，以阐明健康社区运动所面临的评估困境：为何要评估健康城市？应该评估什么？为谁评估？应由谁进行评估？应如何进行评估？我们通过提出三项建议来促进交流与辩论作为结论。我们的论点基于对近期与健康城市运动相关的评估文献的全面分析，以及在地方、国家和国际层面上对该问题长达二十年的思考与参与。
