Truksa Martin, Wu Guohai, Vrinten Patricia, Qiu Xiao
Bioriginal Food & Science Corporation, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Transgenic Res. 2006 Apr;15(2):131-7. doi: 10.1007/s11248-005-6069-8.
Very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFAs) are essential for human health and well-being. However, the current sources of these valuable compounds are limited and may not be sustainable in the long term. Recently, considerable progress has been made in identifying genes involved in the biosynthesis of VLCPUFAs. The co-expression of these genes in model systems such as plant embryos or yeast provided many valuable insights into the mechanisms of VLCPUFA synthesis. The recent successful reconstitution of pathways leading to the synthesis of arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and finally docosahexaenoic acid in oil-seed plants indicates the feasibility of using transgenic crops as alternative sources of VLCPUFAs. The various approaches used to attain these results and the specific constraints associated with each approach are discussed.
超长链多不饱和脂肪酸（VLCPUFAs）对人类健康和福祉至关重要。然而，这些宝贵化合物的当前来源有限，从长远来看可能无法持续。最近，在鉴定参与VLCPUFAs生物合成的基因方面取得了相当大的进展。这些基因在植物胚胎或酵母等模型系统中的共表达为VLCPUFA合成机制提供了许多有价值的见解。最近在油料作物中成功重建了导致花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸以及最终二十二碳六烯酸合成的途径，这表明利用转基因作物作为VLCPUFAs替代来源的可行性。本文讨论了用于获得这些结果的各种方法以及与每种方法相关的具体限制。
