Olsson Richard, Carlsson Per-Ola
Department of Medical Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2006;38(5-6):710-4. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2006.02.004.
The pancreatic islets are one of the most vascularized organs of the body. This likely reflects the requirements of the organ for a rich supply of nutrients and oxygen to the tissue, as well as the need for rapid disposal of metabolites and secreted hormones. The islet endothelium is richly fenestrated to facilitate trans-endothelial transport of secreted hormones, has a unique expression of surface markers, and produces a number of vasoactive substances and growth factors. The islet endothelial cells play a critical role in the early phase of type 1 diabetes mellitus by increasing the expression of surface leucocyte-homing receptors, thereby enabling immune cells to enter the endocrine tissue and cause beta-cell destruction. Following transplantation, pancreatic islets lack a functional capillary system and need to be properly revascularized. Insufficient revascularization may severely affect the transport properties of the islet endothelial system, resulting in a dysfunctional islet graft.
胰岛是人体血管化程度最高的器官之一。这可能反映了该器官对组织丰富的营养和氧气供应的需求，以及对代谢产物和分泌激素快速清除的需要。胰岛内皮有丰富的窗孔以促进分泌激素的跨内皮运输，具有独特的表面标志物表达，并产生多种血管活性物质和生长因子。胰岛内皮细胞在1型糖尿病的早期阶段通过增加表面白细胞归巢受体的表达发挥关键作用，从而使免疫细胞进入内分泌组织并导致β细胞破坏。移植后，胰岛缺乏功能性毛细血管系统，需要进行适当的血管重建。血管重建不足可能会严重影响胰岛内皮系统的转运特性，导致胰岛移植功能失调。
