Wang H B, Ye Z H, Shu W S, Li W C, Wong M H, Lan C Y
School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory for Bio-Control, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou, P R China.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2006;8(1):1-11. doi: 10.1080/16226510500214517.
Aiming at searching for new arsenic (As) hyperaccumulators, field surveys were conducted at 12 As-contaminated sites located in Guangxi and Guangdong Provinces of southern China. Samples of 24 fern species belonging to 16 genera and 11 families as well as their associated soils were collected and As concentrations in plant and soil samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results show that among 24 fern species, Pteris multifida and P. oshimensis can (hyper)accumulate As in their fronds with high concentrations in addition to P. vittata and P. cretica var. nervosa, which have been previously identified as As hyperaccumulators. Total As concentrations in soils associated with P. multifida and P. oshimensis varied from 1262 to 47,235 mg kg(-1), but the DTPA-extractable As concentrations were relatively low, with a maximum of 65 mg kg(-1). Forty-four of 49 samples of P. multifida collected from five sites and 3 of 13 samples of P. oshimensis collected from one site accumulated over 1000 mg As kg(-1) in their fronds and As concentrations in the fronds were higher than those in the petioles and rhizoids. Although As concentrations in the fronds of P. oshimensis (789 mg kg(-1) averaged, range 301-2142 mg kg(-1)) were comparatively lower than those of P. multifida (1977 mg kg9-1), 624-4056 mg kg(-1)), its high aboveground biomass makes it more suitable for phytoremediating As-contaminated soils. Among all the species in Pteris genus studied, Pteris semipinnata accumulated only very low As concentration in its fronds (8 mg kg(-1), 1-18 mg kg(-1)). Further research is needed to study the differences in As uptake and accumulation among fern species in the same or other genera.
为寻找新的砷（As）超富集植物，在中国南方的广西和广东省的12个砷污染场地进行了实地调查。采集了11科16属的24种蕨类植物及其相关土壤样本，并通过电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定了植物和土壤样本中的砷浓度。结果表明，在24种蕨类植物中，除了先前已被鉴定为砷超富集植物的蜈蚣草和大叶井口边草外，扇叶铁线蕨和峨眉铁线蕨的叶片中也能（超）积累高浓度的砷。与扇叶铁线蕨和峨眉铁线蕨相关的土壤中总砷浓度在1262至47235 mg kg⁻¹之间，但DTPA可提取的砷浓度相对较低，最高为65 mg kg⁻¹。从五个场地采集的49个扇叶铁线蕨样本中有44个，从一个场地采集的13个峨眉铁线蕨样本中有3个，其叶片中积累的砷超过1000 mg As kg⁻¹，且叶片中的砷浓度高于叶柄和根状茎中的砷浓度。尽管峨眉铁线蕨叶片中的砷浓度（平均为789 mg kg⁻¹，范围为301 - 2142 mg kg⁻¹）相对低于扇叶铁线蕨（1977 mg kg⁻¹，624 - 4056 mg kg⁻¹），但其较高的地上生物量使其更适合用于砷污染土壤的植物修复。在所研究的所有铁线蕨属物种中，半边旗叶片中积累的砷浓度极低（8 mg kg⁻¹，1 - 18 mg kg⁻¹）。需要进一步研究同一属或其他属的蕨类植物在砷吸收和积累方面的差异。
