Brown Charity, Lloyd-Jones Toby J
Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, England.
Mem Cognit. 2005 Dec;33(8):1442-56. doi: 10.3758/bf03193377.
We examined the effects of verbally describing a face on face memory, as assessed in an old/new recognition task. Experiment 1 established that describing faces facilitated their later recognition. In Experiment 2, we argue that verbalization facilitated the recognition of faces that had been previously described, but not of faces intermingled with the described faces. In Experiment 3, the participants described (or did not, in the control condition) either differences or similarities between pairs of faces. Verbal facilitation was equivalent for both types of descriptions. Finally, in Experiment 4, the participants were instructed to generate either holistic or featural descriptors. Verbal facilitation was equivalent for both types of descriptors. We discuss these findings in terms of the nature of the verbalization that benefits face recognition.
我们在一项旧/新识别任务中，研究了通过言语描述面孔对面孔记忆的影响。实验1证实，描述面孔有助于随后对面孔的识别。在实验2中，我们认为言语表达促进了对先前描述过的面孔的识别，但对与已描述面孔混合在一起的面孔则没有促进作用。在实验3中，参与者描述（或在对照条件下不描述）面孔对之间的差异或相似之处。两种描述类型的言语促进作用相当。最后，在实验4中，要求参与者生成整体或特征描述符。两种描述符的言语促进作用相当。我们根据有利于面孔识别的言语表达的性质来讨论这些发现。
