Kerwin Marylouise E, Walker-Smith Katherine, Kirby Kimberly C
Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2006 Apr;30(3):173-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2005.11.004.
Data on minimum state requirements for drug and alcohol counselors and mental health counselors in all 50 states and Washington, DC, suggest that training as a mental health counselor is primarily structured through formal education, whereas training as a substance abuse counselor resembles an apprentice model. Fewer states offer or require certification or licensure of substance abuse counselors, compared to mental health counselors. States that do offer such credentials for substance abuse counselors generally require more hours of supervised work experience and continuing education, but fewer hours of formal course work and practicum courses, and a lower level of formal education. Although these different models for training are valid, they each have different implications for clinical practice, dissemination of research findings to practice, and management within the service delivery model.
关于美国50个州以及华盛顿特区对药物与酒精咨询师和心理健康咨询师的最低州级要求的数据表明，心理健康咨询师的培训主要通过正规教育来构建，而药物滥用咨询师的培训则类似于学徒模式。与心理健康咨询师相比，提供或要求药物滥用咨询师获得认证或执照的州较少。确实为药物滥用咨询师提供此类资质认证的州，通常要求更多时长的督导工作经验和继续教育，但正规课程作业和实习课程的时长要求较少，且正规教育水平要求较低。尽管这些不同的培训模式都是有效的，但它们在临床实践、研究结果向实践的传播以及服务提供模式中的管理方面都有着不同的影响。
