Diamond Shirley G, Markham Charles H, Clarke Andrew H
Department of Psychology, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.
Acta Otolaryngol. 2006 Mar;126(3):248-53. doi: 10.1080/00016480500280090.
Most of the subjects studied had eye torsion responses to pitch, although the direction of torsion varied between subjects. Opposite responses may be the result of individual variation in anatomical or physiological vector orientations of hair cells in the anterior or posterior utricle or in the saccule.
This study aimed to determine whether systematic changes in eye torsion occur when subjects are rotated in forward and backward pitch.
Twenty-one normal subjects were seated in a dual axis human rotator, positioned so that the interaural axis was aligned with the axis of pitch rotation. Fixation LED suppressed vertical or horizontal eye movement. Recordings were carried out in darkness apart from the fixation LED, using a three-dimensional eye tracker based on CMOS image sensors. Subjects were twice tilted from upright to 90 degrees occiput down, then forward to 45 degrees face down.
Most subjects had eye torsion changes in response to pitch, with mean amplitudes of approximately 2 degrees to 90 degrees backward tilt and 1 degree to 45 degrees forward tilt. Ten subjects had clockwise torsion to backward pitch and counterclockwise to forward pitch; six subjects had the opposite responses. Statistical testing of the distributions of the regression slopes between these two groups were significant (p<0.001). Five subjects had unclear responses.
尽管不同受试者的扭转方向各不相同，但大多数受试对象对俯仰运动有眼球扭转反应。相反的反应可能是由于前或后椭圆囊或球囊中毛细胞的解剖或生理向量方向存在个体差异。
本研究旨在确定当受试者进行向前和向后俯仰旋转时，眼球扭转是否会发生系统性变化。
21名正常受试者坐在双轴人体旋转器中，其位置设置为使双耳轴与俯仰旋转轴对齐。固定发光二极管抑制垂直或水平眼球运动。除了固定发光二极管外，在黑暗环境中使用基于CMOS图像传感器的三维眼动追踪仪进行记录。受试者两次从直立状态倾斜至枕骨向下90度，然后向前倾斜至面部向下45度。
大多数受试者对俯仰运动有眼球扭转变化，向后倾斜90度时平均幅度约为2度，向前倾斜45度时平均幅度约为1度。10名受试者对向后俯仰运动有顺时针扭转，对向前俯仰运动有逆时针扭转；6名受试者有相反的反应。对这两组之间回归斜率分布的统计检验具有显著性（p<0.001）。5名受试者的反应不明确。
