Turner Cynthia M
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Clinic for Young People, Maudsley Hospital Children's Department, London, UK.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2006 Nov;26(7):912-38. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.10.004. Epub 2006 Apr 19.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is recognised to be much more common than once thought, and increased awareness of prevalence has been associated with an increase in clinical and research attention. However, while the cognitive behavioural model of OCD has received considerable empirical support from adult studies, there has been relatively little investigation of this model in childhood populations. Although this literature is beginning to emerge, initial evaluations suggest there may be important differences between childhood and adult OCD with regard to the cognitive, behavioural, and family factors implicated in the etiology and maintenance of the disorder. Despite this, cognitive-behavioural interventions have been largely modelled on their adult counterparts, and there has been little evaluation of the effectiveness of various treatment components. This paper therefore seeks to critically review the current status of CBT for children and adolescents with OCD, addressing both cognitive behavioural theory and therapy. Current issues in clinical practice will be identified, gaps in the knowledge base will be highlighted, and the paper will conclude by making specific recommendations regarding the integration of research and practice.
强迫症被认为比人们曾经认为的更为常见，对其患病率认识的提高与临床和研究关注度的增加相关。然而，虽然强迫症的认知行为模型已从成人研究中获得了大量实证支持，但在儿童群体中对该模型的研究相对较少。尽管这方面的文献开始出现，但初步评估表明，在与该障碍的病因和维持相关的认知、行为和家庭因素方面，儿童强迫症和成人强迫症之间可能存在重要差异。尽管如此，认知行为干预在很大程度上是仿照针对成人的干预措施建立的，而且对各种治疗成分的有效性评估很少。因此，本文旨在批判性地审视针对患有强迫症的儿童和青少年的认知行为疗法的现状，涉及认知行为理论和治疗两方面。将确定临床实践中的当前问题，突出知识库中的差距，并且本文将通过就研究与实践的整合提出具体建议来得出结论。
