Illing Robert-Benjamin, Reisch Adrian
Neurobiological Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Hear Res. 2006 Jun-Jul;216-217:189-97. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2005.12.014. Epub 2006 Apr 18.
Variations of sensory activation in strength and pattern are known to affect structure and function of the mammalian brain. Whereas such malleability is readily granted to forebrain structures at early developmental stages, acceptance of experience-dependent structural plasticity has been slow for the adult brainstem. Over the past years we have identified consequences of cochlear ablation, noise trauma, or electrical intracochlear stimulation on neurons and circuitry of the auditory brainstem of the adult rat. We found that loss of sensory activation as well as a substitution for it entail specific molecular, ultrastructural, and morphological changes to central auditory neurons. Here, we make a first attempt to compare these different patterns of central remodeling. We tentatively suggest that after hearing loss or intracochlear stimulation responses of the central neural network in the adult brainstem suit the concept of functional adaptation.
已知感觉激活在强度和模式上的变化会影响哺乳动物大脑的结构和功能。虽然在发育早期阶段，前脑结构很容易具有这种可塑性，但成人大脑的脑干对依赖经验的结构可塑性的接受却很缓慢。在过去几年中，我们已经确定了耳蜗切除、噪声损伤或耳蜗内电刺激对成年大鼠听觉脑干神经元和神经回路的影响。我们发现感觉激活的丧失以及对其的替代会导致中枢听觉神经元发生特定的分子、超微结构和形态学变化。在这里，我们首次尝试比较这些不同的中枢重塑模式。我们初步认为，在成年脑干中，听力丧失或耳蜗内刺激后，中枢神经网络的反应符合功能适应的概念。
