Zarei Mojtaba
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.
J Neurol Sci. 2006 Jun 15;245(1-2):53-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2005.08.025. Epub 2006 Apr 19.
There are several articles in this special issue in which authors eloquently describe neurobehavioural and cognitive complications of multiple sclerosis with relevant neuropsychological assessments and neuroimaging findings. However behavioural and cognitive presentation of multiple sclerosis remains poorly understood. Two years ago, we reported a series of patients with multiple sclerosis who presented with neurobehavioural symptoms and had neuropsychological deficits consistent with cortical dysfunction. Based on previous case reports, pathological studies of cerebral cortex in multiple sclerosis and advanced neuroimaging studies we suggested that neurobehavioural presentation of multiple sclerosis represents a new variant called "cortical multiple sclerosis". The condition is characterised by predominant or exclusive cortical pathology presenting with neurobehavioural symptoms, such as depression, amnesia or distinct cortical syndromes. Since the publication of our report, there has been further neuroimaging and neuropathological findings that further supported the above concept. In addition, observation of more patients with this condition helped us to formulate a logical approach in the detection of these patients. This article focuses on their clinical characteristics.
本期特刊中有几篇文章，作者通过相关的神经心理学评估和神经影像学发现，对多发性硬化症的神经行为和认知并发症进行了详尽描述。然而，多发性硬化症的行为和认知表现仍未得到充分理解。两年前，我们报告了一系列患有多发性硬化症的患者，他们表现出神经行为症状，且存在与皮质功能障碍相符的神经心理学缺陷。基于先前的病例报告、多发性硬化症大脑皮质的病理研究以及先进的神经影像学研究，我们提出多发性硬化症的神经行为表现代表一种名为“皮质型多发性硬化症”的新变体。该病症的特征是主要或仅存在皮质病理改变，并伴有神经行为症状，如抑郁、失忆或明显的皮质综合征。自我们的报告发表以来，有了更多的神经影像学和神经病理学发现，进一步支持了上述概念。此外，对更多此类患者的观察帮助我们制定了一种检测这些患者的合理方法。本文重点关注他们的临床特征。
