Jansen J-P
Department of Biological control and Plant genetic resources Agricultural Research Centre, Chemin de Liroux 2, BE-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2005;70(4):539-46.
Parasitic hymenoptera of potato aphids were collected and identified in 2000 and 2001 in 11 potato fields in Belgium. Nine Aphidiidae species, parasiting seven aphid species, were found: Aphidius ervi, Aphidius matricariae, Aphidius picipes, Binodoxys angelicae, Diaeretiella rapae, Praon abjectum, Praon gallicium, Praon volucre and Toxares deltiger. A. ervi and A. picipes were the dominant and sub-dominant species, with 54% and 28% of the primary parasite collected, respectively. Both species and T. deltiger were found on Aphis nasturti, Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae and Myzus persicae, the four most important aphid potato in Belgium. Parasitism rate of A. nasturtii and, to a lesser extent, M. euphorbiae was low compared to A. solani and M. persicae. Parasitism of A. solani was particularly high, with 63.5% in 2000 and 89.2% in 2001, and this species was the preferred host of several Aphidiid species. The abundance of alternative hosts as other crops pest aphids or non-pest aphids on wild plants in agroecosystems could explains the efficacy of these species. The biological control of A. nasturtii and M. euphorbiae by parasitic hymenoptera was poorer, and several studies need to be undertaken to find suitable parasitic hymenoptera species effective on these aphids and agro-environmental measures able to promote them.
2000年和2001年，在比利时的11个马铃薯田采集并鉴定了寄生在马铃薯蚜虫上的寄生膜翅目昆虫。发现了9种蚜茧蜂科物种，寄生于7种蚜虫物种：燕麦蚜茧蜂、菊蚜茧蜂、刻点蚜茧蜂、当归蚜茧蜂、菜蚜茧蜂、卑微原蚜茧蜂、高卢原蚜茧蜂、敏捷原蚜茧蜂和三角蚜茧蜂。燕麦蚜茧蜂和刻点蚜茧蜂是优势种和次优势种，分别占采集到的初级寄生蜂的54%和28%。这两个物种以及三角蚜茧蜂均在比利时四种最重要的马铃薯蚜虫——辣根蚜、茄沟无网蚜、茄无网蚜和桃蚜上被发现。与茄沟无网蚜和桃蚜相比，辣根蚜以及在较小程度上茄无网蚜的寄生率较低。茄沟无网蚜的寄生率特别高，2000年为63.5%，2001年为89.2%，该物种是几种蚜茧蜂科物种的首选寄主。农业生态系统中野生植物上作为其他作物害虫蚜虫或非害虫蚜虫的替代寄主的丰富度可以解释这些物种的有效性。寄生膜翅目昆虫对辣根蚜和茄无网蚜的生物防治效果较差，需要开展多项研究以找到对这些蚜虫有效的合适寄生膜翅目物种以及能够促进它们的农业环境措施。
