D'Hallewin G, Venditti T, Molinu M G, Dore A, Serusi A
ISPA-CNR Sezione di Sassari, Via Dei Mille 48, 1-07100 Sassari, Italy.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2005;70(4):733-6.
In order to work out a quarantine treatment for cactus pear fruit a factorial experimental plan was carried combining postharvest water dips at 20, 50, 54, 58 and 60 degrees C and storage at 1 degrees C for 3, 6 and 10 days. Cactus pear fruit cv 'Rossa' were artificially infested with Med. fly eggs (at least 20 eggs per fruit) then left in the lab at 25 degrees C for 4 days. Treatments took place by dipping the fruit at each water temperature for 2 mm. At each established time fruit was picked and checked for vital larvae and degree of chilling injury (CI). Probit 9 requirements were achieved in all cases when fruit was cold-stored for 10 days. When fruit was kept for 6 days the quarantine requirement was achieved only by dipping the fruit at 58 and 60 degrees C while none dip treatment was effective if fruit was stored for 3 days at 1 degrees C. All Fruit stored for 10 days at 1 degrees C showed severe CI symptoms and when kept for 6 days the same degree of CI was found on fruit dipped in water at 20, 58 and 60 degrees C. No CI was observed after 3 days at 1 degrees C. In conclusion only when fruit was dipped at 50-54 degrees C and stored for 10 days at 1 degrees C the probit 9 condition was attained with acceptable CI symptoms.
为制定仙人掌梨果实的检疫处理方法，采用析因试验设计，将采后果实分别在20、50、54、58和60摄氏度的水中浸泡，并在1摄氏度下贮藏3、6和10天。仙人掌梨品种‘Rossa’人工接种地中海实蝇卵（每个果实至少20枚卵），然后在25摄氏度的实验室中放置4天。处理方法是将果实分别在每个水温下浸泡2分钟。在每个设定时间采摘果实，检查是否有存活幼虫和冷害程度（CI）。当果实冷藏10天时，所有情况下均达到了概率9的要求。当果实保存6天时，只有将果实浸泡在58和60摄氏度的水中才能达到检疫要求，而如果果实在1摄氏度下保存3天，任何浸泡处理均无效。所有在1摄氏度下保存10天的果实均出现严重的冷害症状，在1摄氏度下保存6天时，浸泡在20、58和60摄氏度水中的果实出现相同程度的冷害。在1摄氏度下放置3天后未观察到冷害。总之，只有当果实浸泡在50 - 54摄氏度的水中并在1摄氏度下保存10天时，才能达到概率9的条件，且冷害症状可接受。
