Hami M, Taibi F, Smagghe G, Soltani-Mazouni N
Laboratoire de Biologie Animale Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Annaba 23000-Annaba, Algérie.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2005;70(4):767-73.
The Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia Kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is an important pest in stored products worldwide, and is one of the major pests in flour mills in Algeria. Because environmental consideration, alternative approaches to neurotoxic insecticides, as well as safe, effective, and sound integrated pest management strategies are developed pest control agents such as the insect growth regulator (IGRs). Among these IGRs, the bisacylhydrazine derivatives are nonsteroidal ecdysterold agonists that mimic the action of moulting hormones and induce a precocious and incomplete moult in several insect orders. In topical bioassays using the pupae of E. kuehniella, three ecdysteroid agonists: RH-5849, the first bisaclhydrazine ecdysone agonist and two analogs, RH-5992 (tebufenozide) and RH-0345 (halofenozide), were evaluated on the reproduction under laboratory conditions. In a first series of experiments, the efficacy of these compounds was tested. These compounds exhibited insecticidal activity and the duration of pupal development was reduced with a dose-response relationship. Among the three tested compounds, tebufenozide (LD50 = 0.005 microg) appeared the most potent ecdysteroid agonist against E. kuehniella (RH-5849: LD50 = 0.05 microg and RH-0345: LD50 = 5.10 microg). In a second series of experiments, the effects of the ecdysone agonists (LD50) were investigated on the reproduction. Data showed that the three compounds affected growth of ovaries as evidenced by morphometric measurements of the ovaries from newly emerged adult females. In addition, the thickness of the chorion from basal oocytes was reduced only by RH-5992 and RH-0345. However, electron microscopic observations revealed that the three compounds had no significant effect on the fine structure of chorion. Finally, measurements of ovarian ecdysteroids' production by an enzyme immunoassay showed an increase in the hormonal amounts recorded in treated series compared to control series.
地中海粉螟（Ephestia Kuehniella Zeller，鳞翅目：螟蛾科）是全球仓储产品中的一种重要害虫，也是阿尔及利亚面粉厂的主要害虫之一。出于环境考虑，人们开发了诸如昆虫生长调节剂（IGRs）等害虫防治剂，作为神经毒性杀虫剂的替代方法，以及安全、有效且合理的综合害虫管理策略。在这些昆虫生长调节剂中，双酰肼衍生物是非甾体蜕皮激素激动剂，可模拟蜕皮激素的作用，并在几个昆虫目中诱导早熟和不完全蜕皮。在使用地中海粉螟蛹进行的局部生物测定中，在实验室条件下评估了三种蜕皮激素激动剂：RH - 5849，第一种双酰肼蜕皮激素激动剂及其两种类似物RH - 5992（虫酰肼）和RH - 0345（氟虫酰肼）对繁殖的影响。在第一系列实验中，测试了这些化合物的功效。这些化合物表现出杀虫活性，蛹发育的持续时间随着剂量反应关系而缩短。在三种测试化合物中，虫酰肼（LD50 = 0.005微克）似乎是针对地中海粉螟最有效的蜕皮激素激动剂（RH - 5849：LD50 = 0.05微克，RH - 0345：LD50 = 5.10微克）。在第二系列实验中，研究了蜕皮激素激动剂（LD50）对繁殖的影响。数据表明，这三种化合物影响了卵巢的生长，这一点通过对新羽化成年雌虫卵巢的形态测量得以证明。此外，只有RH - 5992和RH - 0345降低了基部卵母细胞的卵壳厚度。然而，电子显微镜观察显示，这三种化合物对卵壳的精细结构没有显著影响。最后，通过酶免疫测定法测量卵巢蜕皮激素的产生，结果显示与对照系列相比，处理系列中记录的激素量有所增加。
