Kouninki H, Haubruge E, Noudjou F E, Lognay G, Malaisse F, Ngassoum M B, Goudoum A, Mapongmetsem P M, Ngamo L S T, Hance T
Unité d'Ecologie et de Biogéographie, Centre de Recherche sur la biodiversité 4-5 Place Croix du Sud, BE-1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2005;70(4):787-92.
Essential oils from seven plants species currently found in Cameroon were extracted by steam distillation and tested for their insecticidal activities against Sitophilus zeamats Motsch. Responses varied with the test applied and the plant species. For the contact toxicity, the acetone was used in order to dilute the pure essential oil. Formulations of 1% of essential oils of Xylopia aethiopica and Ocimum gratissimum were the most toxic and led to 96 and 98% of mortality respectively after 24 h. There was no death in control (0% of mortality). Fumigation test were done by applying 300 microl of pure essential oils in the bottom of closed 800 ml glass containers. In that case, the essential oil of Hyptis spicigera was the most toxic (fumigant) after 48 hours of fumigation followed by Annona seregalensis and Xylopia aethiopica 96 and 95% of mortality respectively. Some of the essential oils of plant species tested are promising for pest control in farmer granaries. However, further investigations are to be done on formulation and side effects.
目前在喀麦隆发现的七种植物的精油通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取，并测试了它们对玉米象（Sitophilus zeamats Motsch.）的杀虫活性。反应因所应用的测试和植物种类而异。对于接触毒性，使用丙酮来稀释纯精油。非洲木瓣树（Xylopia aethiopica）和罗勒（Ocimum gratissimum）1%的精油制剂毒性最大，24小时后死亡率分别达到96%和98%。对照组无死亡（死亡率为0%）。熏蒸试验是在800毫升封闭玻璃容器底部加入300微升纯精油进行的。在这种情况下，经过48小时熏蒸后，穗状香科科（Hyptis spicigera）的精油毒性最大（熏蒸剂），其次是塞内加尔番荔枝（Annona seregalensis）和非洲木瓣树，死亡率分别为96%和95%。一些测试植物种类的精油有望用于农民谷仓的害虫防治。然而，还需要对制剂和副作用进行进一步研究。
