Nasereddin Abedelmajeed, Ereqat Suheir, Azmi Kifaya, Baneth Gad, Jaffe Charles L, Abdeen Ziad
Al-Quds Nutrition and Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Abu-Deis, P.O. Box: 20760, West Bank, Palestinian Authority.
J Parasitol. 2006 Feb;92(1):178-83. doi: 10.1645/GE-594R.1.
Leishmania infantum is the causative agent of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in the Mediterranean region. A seroprevalence study for CVL was conducted in northern Palestine. Domestic dogs (n = 148) were screened for antileishmanial antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ten dogs (6.8%) were seropositive. Promastigotes were isolated from one seropositive dog and identified as L. infantum by excreted factor (EF) serotyping, isozyme electrophoresis, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition to the ELISA, the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1)-, modified ITS1 (mITS1)-, and kinetoplast DNA (kDNA)-PCRs were used to validate this technique as a diagnostic tool for CVL using blood; each assay was performed on 60 blood samples. kDNA-PCR (13/60 positives, 21.7%) was the most sensitive of the assays examined followed by mITS1-PCR (9/60, 15.0%), ELISA (5/60, 8.3%), and ITS1-PCR (3/60, 5%). However, ITS1-PCR and mITS1-PCR were also capable of identifying the parasite species and indicated they belong to L. infantum. In view of its higher sensitivity, kDNA-PCR is recommended for the routine diagnosis of CVL.
婴儿利什曼原虫是地中海地区人类和犬类内脏利什曼病（CVL）的病原体。在巴勒斯坦北部开展了一项CVL血清流行率研究。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）对148只家犬进行抗利什曼原虫抗体筛查。10只犬（6.8%）血清呈阳性。从一只血清阳性犬分离出前鞭毛体，并通过分泌因子（EF）血清分型、同工酶电泳和聚合酶链反应（PCR）鉴定为婴儿利什曼原虫。除ELISA外，还使用内部转录间隔区1（ITS1）-、改良ITS1（mITS1）-和动基体DNA（kDNA）-PCR，以验证该技术作为利用血液诊断CVL的工具；每项检测均在60份血液样本上进行。kDNA-PCR（13/60阳性，21.7%）在所检测的检测方法中最为敏感，其次是mITS1-PCR（9/60，15.0%）、ELISA（5/60，8.3%）和ITS1-PCR（3/60，5%）。然而，ITS1-PCR和mITS1-PCR也能够鉴定寄生虫种类，并表明它们属于婴儿利什曼原虫。鉴于其更高的敏感性，推荐使用kDNA-PCR进行CVL的常规诊断。
