Hogg Geoffry G, Darlington Raelene J, Hogg Katharine G, Lester Rosemary
Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2006 Apr;42(4):165-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00823.x.
Determine measles seropositivity and vaccine coverage in children aged 1 to 4 years inclusive. Compare data in those who produced immunisation records and those who relied on parental recall. Establish variables associated with seropositivity.
Population- and area-based, cluster sample of 1- to 4-year-olds; households surveyed by trained interviewer.
Australia-wide, excluding New South Wales. Questionnaires completed between February and April 1995.
2117 completed questionnaires were returned for children aged 1 to 4 years, 923 of whom provided a sufficient blood sample for analysis.
Overall seropositivity was 86% for the 923 children tested and was strongly associated with previous immunisation (P < 0.001) and age (P < 0.001), but not with parental report of a previous measles diagnosis (P = 0.581). Eight hundred and forty-three (91%) reported previous measles immunisation, with 760 (90%) of these testing seropositive. Four hundred and ninety-one (55%) parents/guardians produced immunisation records, while 400 (45%) relied on recall. Immunised children whose parents relied on recall were equally likely to be seropositive as children whose parents produced records. The 923 children tested were representative of the 2117 who completed questionnaires in all factors except age, where children below 2 years old were under represented (P < 0.001).
These data support the current second routine measles immunisation prior to school entry, and reinforce the need to promote the first routine dose to achieve measles elimination.
确定1至4岁（含1岁和4岁）儿童的麻疹血清阳性率和疫苗接种覆盖率。比较提供免疫记录者和依赖家长回忆者的数据。确定与血清阳性相关的变量。
基于人群和地区的1至4岁儿童整群抽样；由经过培训的访员对家庭进行调查。
全澳大利亚，不包括新南威尔士州。问卷于1995年2月至4月完成。
共收回2117份1至4岁儿童的完整问卷，其中923名儿童提供了足够的血样用于分析。
在接受检测的923名儿童中，总体血清阳性率为86%，与既往免疫接种（P<0.001）和年龄（P<0.001）密切相关，但与家长报告的既往麻疹诊断无关（P = 0.581）。843名（91%）儿童报告既往接种过麻疹疫苗，其中760名（90%）检测为血清阳性。491名（55%）家长/监护人提供了免疫记录，而400名（45%）依赖回忆。家长依赖回忆的免疫儿童血清阳性的可能性与家长提供记录的儿童相同。接受检测的923名儿童在所有因素上均代表了完成问卷的2117名儿童，但在年龄方面，2岁以下儿童的代表性不足（P<0.001）。
这些数据支持目前在入学前进行第二次常规麻疹免疫接种，并强化了推广第一剂常规疫苗以实现消除麻疹的必要性。
