Santarpia Mariacarmela, Altavilla Giuseppe, Salazar Fernanda, Tarón Miquel, Rosell Rafael
Medical Oncology Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2006 Feb;8(2):71-6. doi: 10.1007/s12094-006-0161-2.
At the time of diagnosis, half of lung cancer patients have advanced incurable disease. Different chemotherapy combinations--with or without targeted therapies--yield similar results in spite of the continuous efforts of clinicians. However, molecular biological studies have already shed a great deal of light on the existence of multiple genetic aberrations that can be useful for customizing treatment. mRNA transcripts involved in DNA repair pathways, such as ERCC1 and BRCA1, confer selective resistance to cisplatin or taxanes. Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and methylation of checkpoint genes in circulating serum DNA could become important predictive markers of survival to certain cisplatin-based regimens. EGFR tyrosine kinase mutations are the crux of targeted therapies.
在确诊时，一半的肺癌患者已患有无法治愈的晚期疾病。尽管临床医生不断努力，但不同的化疗组合（无论是否联合靶向治疗）产生的结果相似。然而，分子生物学研究已经揭示了多种基因畸变的存在，这些畸变有助于定制治疗方案。参与DNA修复途径的mRNA转录本，如ERCC1和BRCA1，赋予对顺铂或紫杉烷的选择性耐药性。DNA修复基因的多态性以及循环血清DNA中检查点基因的甲基化可能成为某些基于顺铂方案生存的重要预测标志物。表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）酪氨酸激酶突变是靶向治疗的关键。
