M'barek Basma, Kochbati Lotfi, Ben Mansour Hatem, Ben Laïba Mohame, Maalej Mongi
Service de radiothérapie, Inistitut Salah Azaïz, Tunis, Tunisie.
Tunis Med. 2006 Jan;84(1):30-3.
Occupational cancers are cancers due to the exposition of the worker during his daily work to a carcinogenic agent. In Tunisia. the number of declared and compensate cases is still low. The aim of this study is to asses the role of occupational agents in the development of bronchial and pleural cancers and to discuss the causes of this under-assessment.
The occupational history of 107 patients with bronchial and pleural cancer was prospectively collected between Jun 2001 and July 2002. A detailed list of the possible occupational activities that would expose the worker to a carcinogenic agent incriminated in the genesis of bronchial or pleural carcinoma was used.
Seven cases among 107 bronchial and pleural cancers were thought to have a occupational origin (6.5%). Two patients had pleural mesothelioma due to an exposition to asbestos in the field of navy constructions and building. The 5 remaining patients had bronchial carcinomas of different histological types (3 squamous cell carcinoma, 1 adenocarcinoma and 1 small cell carcinoma). The suspected agents were Arsenic in 4/5 cases in fields of metallurgy (2 cases), mine digging (1 cases), agriculture (1 case). In 1/5 case the suspected agent was asbestos in brake- plates' maintenance in big engines. The mean duration of the exposition was 22 years and the latency period was 26 years.
The role of occupational agents in the development of bronchial and pleural cancer is important but not routinely assessed.
职业性癌症是指工人在日常工作中接触致癌物质而引发的癌症。在突尼斯，已申报和获得赔偿的病例数量仍然较少。本研究的目的是评估职业因素在支气管癌和胸膜癌发生发展中的作用，并探讨这种评估不足的原因。
2001年6月至2002年7月期间，前瞻性收集了107例支气管癌和胸膜癌患者的职业史。使用了一份详细的可能使工人接触到与支气管癌或胸膜癌发生有关的致癌物质的职业活动清单。
107例支气管癌和胸膜癌中有7例被认为有职业性病因（6.5%）。2例患者因在海军建设和建筑领域接触石棉而患胸膜间皮瘤。其余5例患者患有不同组织学类型的支气管癌（3例鳞状细胞癌、1例腺癌和1例小细胞癌）。在冶金（2例）、矿山开采（1例）、农业（1例）领域，4/5的病例中可疑致癌物质为砷。在1/5的病例中，可疑致癌物质是在大型发动机刹车片维修中接触的石棉。平均接触时间为22年，潜伏期为26年。
职业因素在支气管癌和胸膜癌发生发展中的作用很重要，但未进行常规评估。
