Yoo Roy H, Chuang Sung-Kiang, Erakat Mohammed S, Weed Meghan, Dodson Thomas B
Advanced Periodontology, University of Southern California, School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, USA.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2006 Mar-Apr;21(2):253-61.
The authors' objective was to measure crestal bone level change in subjects with immediately loaded implants and to identify risk factors associated with changes in bone level.
A retrospective cohort study design was used. The sample comprised subjects who had had endosseous implants placed and immediately loaded between July 2001 and July 2003. Demographic, health status-related, anatomic, implant-specific, prosthetic, and surgical variables were examined. The primary outcome variable was change in crestal bone level over time. Appropriate uni-, bi-, and multivariate statistics were computed.
The sample comprised 174 subjects who received 347 immediately loaded implants. The mean duration of radiographic follow-up was 6.9 +/- 4.0 months, respectively. Mean changes in radiographic bone level were -0.5 mm and -0.6 mm on the mesial and distal surfaces, respectively, after a mean of 6.9 months of radiographic follow-up. Using least squares methods, it was estimated that radiographic bone levels would be -1.0 mm and -0.8 mm on the mesial and distal surfaces, respectively, at 12 months. The multivariate model revealed that radiolucency at or adjacent to implant site was associated with an increased risk of crestal bone loss (odds ratio, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.00 to 3.60). Twelve months after placement, 92.5% of implants had had < or = 1.5 mm of crestal bone loss.
The results of this study were comparable to the results of other studies comparing immediate loading to delayed loading. Further research to estimate long-term changes in crestal bone loss and to identify risk factors for bone loss with immediate loading is recommended.
This study suggests that crestal bone level changes with immediately loaded implants were within the recommended range for 92.5% of the evaluated implants. The mandible showed a higher risk for crestal bone loss compared to the maxilla.
作者的目标是测量即刻负重种植体患者的嵴顶骨水平变化，并确定与骨水平变化相关的风险因素。
采用回顾性队列研究设计。样本包括2001年7月至2003年7月期间植入骨内种植体并即刻负重的患者。检查了人口统计学、健康状况相关、解剖学、种植体特异性、修复和手术变量。主要结局变量是嵴顶骨水平随时间的变化。计算了适当的单变量、双变量和多变量统计量。
样本包括174名接受347颗即刻负重种植体的患者。影像学随访的平均时长分别为6.9±4.0个月。影像学随访平均6.9个月后，种植体近中面和远中面的影像学骨水平平均变化分别为-0.5mm和-0.6mm。采用最小二乘法估计，12个月时近中面和远中面的影像学骨水平分别为-1.0mm和-0.8mm。多变量模型显示，种植体部位或其附近的透射区与嵴顶骨丢失风险增加相关（优势比，1.88；95%置信区间，1.00至3.60）。植入后12个月，92.5%的种植体嵴顶骨丢失≤1.5mm。
本研究结果与其他比较即刻负重和延期负重的研究结果相当。建议进一步开展研究，以评估嵴顶骨丢失的长期变化，并确定即刻负重时骨丢失的风险因素。
本研究表明，92.5%的评估种植体的即刻负重种植体嵴顶骨水平变化在推荐范围内。与上颌骨相比，下颌骨嵴顶骨丢失风险更高。
