Tan Kiat T, Lip Gregory Y H
Haemostasis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit, University Department of Medicine City Hospital, Dudley Road, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK.
Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2006 May;8(3):251-8. doi: 10.1007/s11936-006-0019-5.
Platelets are believed to play a part in all stages of the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, from the initial formation of the atherosclerotic plaque, through plaque destabilization to the development of neuronal cell death. A process common to all of these pathogenic changes is the ability of the activated platelet to adhere to the site of disease. In addition, the release of the membrane vesicles from platelets enhances many of these processes. Therefore, an understanding of platelet adhesion and platelet microparticle release can aid the development toward the treatment and prevention of stroke. There has been much research into interventions that can reduce platelet activation in atherosclerosis and stroke. The benefits of nonpharmacologic interventions in stroke, such as diet and lifestyle modification, may in part be mediated by their effects on platelet activation. In addition, the antiplatelet drug aspirin has been shown to be useful in both the treatment of acute stroke and the secondary prevention of atherothrombosis. Other antiplatelet agents, such as the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and triflusal, are currently being evaluated for the treatment of acute atherothrombotic stroke.
血小板被认为在缺血性中风发病机制的所有阶段都发挥作用，从动脉粥样硬化斑块的最初形成，到斑块不稳定，再到神经元细胞死亡的发展。所有这些致病变化的一个共同过程是活化血小板粘附到疾病部位的能力。此外，血小板释放的膜囊泡会增强其中许多过程。因此，了解血小板粘附和血小板微粒释放有助于开发中风的治疗和预防方法。针对可减少动脉粥样硬化和中风中血小板活化的干预措施已有很多研究。中风的非药物干预措施，如饮食和生活方式改变，其益处可能部分是通过它们对血小板活化的作用来介导的。此外，抗血小板药物阿司匹林已被证明对急性中风的治疗和动脉粥样硬化血栓形成的二级预防均有用。其他抗血小板药物，如糖蛋白IIb/IIIa抑制剂和曲氟尿苷，目前正在评估用于治疗急性动脉粥样硬化血栓形成性中风。
