Rosenfeld P, Gutierrez Y A, Martin A M, Mallett H A, Alleva E, Levine S
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford University, CA 94305.
Physiol Behav. 1991 Oct;50(4):661-71. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(91)90001-5.
In the following studies, we investigated the effects of 24-h maternal deprivation on the infant's hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system. Experiment 1 examined the effect of deprivation on the infant's corticosterone (CORT) response to adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) injection. At all ages studied, deprivation resulted in a potentiation of the response. At some ages, deprived nontreated pups had higher CORT levels than nondeprived pups. Experiment 2 examined the ontogeny of the deprivation-induced stress response, and the capacity of the mother to inhibit it. From 8 days of age onwards, deprived animals showed a CORT response to saline injection that was either absent or far smaller in nondeprived pups. Saline-induced CORT secretion was diminished, or prevented, by returning the infant to its dam. Maternal reunion had no effect on ACTH-induced CORT elevations. Finally, Experiment 3 investigated the effects of deprivation over a more extended period of time. In maternally deprived pups, ACTH-induced CORT elevations persisted for at least 2 h following reunion, but by 6 h had returned to baseline. These data suggest that maternal factors are involved in the regulation of the responsiveness of the pup's hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system.
在以下研究中，我们调查了24小时母婴分离对婴儿下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺系统的影响。实验1检测了分离对婴儿注射促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）后皮质酮（CORT）反应的影响。在所有研究的年龄段，分离都会导致反应增强。在某些年龄段，未接受处理的分离幼崽的CORT水平高于未分离的幼崽。实验2检测了分离诱导的应激反应的个体发生情况，以及母亲抑制该反应的能力。从8日龄起，分离的动物对注射生理盐水表现出CORT反应，而未分离的幼崽则没有这种反应或反应小得多。将婴儿放回母鼠身边可减少或阻止生理盐水诱导的CORT分泌。母婴重聚对ACTH诱导的CORT升高没有影响。最后，实验3研究了更长时间分离的影响。在母婴分离的幼崽中，ACTH诱导的CORT升高在重聚后至少持续2小时，但到6小时时已恢复到基线水平。这些数据表明，母体因素参与了幼崽下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺系统反应性的调节。
