Smith Allan B, Robb Michael P
University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2006;58(3):199-206. doi: 10.1159/000091733.
Previous studies reporting acoustical data on children's production of lexical stress examined words produced in isolation (i.e., with no carrier phrase) or in utterance-final position. In such contexts, the final syllable of the words being examined was also the utterance-final syllable. Syllables produced in utterance-final position are known to be longer in duration and lower in intensity and F(0) compared to other syllables within utterances. Therefore, utterance-final effects may have obscured previous results on children's production of stress. Twenty children at approximately 6 years of age produced novel trochaic and iambic words in utterance-final and utterance-non-final position. Comparing productions across the two utterance positions suggested that reliance upon the utterance-final context was a confounding factor in past studies. Utterance-final position facilitated the iambic pattern of duration (short-long) and the trochaic pattern of intensity and F(0) (high-low). Utterance position sometimes affected trochees differently than iambs, especially in the duration of word-final syllables. The results are discussed in terms of past explanations of utterance position effects on acoustic characteristics of syllables.
以往关于儿童词汇重音发音声学数据的研究，考察的是孤立说出的单词（即没有载体短语）或处于话语末尾位置的单词。在这种情况下，被考察单词的最后一个音节也是话语的最后一个音节。与话语中的其他音节相比，处于话语末尾位置的音节持续时间更长，强度和基频更低。因此，话语末尾效应可能掩盖了以往关于儿童重音发音的研究结果。20名大约6岁的儿童在话语末尾和非末尾位置说出了新的扬抑抑格和抑扬格单词。对这两个话语位置的发音进行比较表明，以往研究中依赖话语末尾语境是一个混杂因素。话语末尾位置促进了扬抑格的时长模式（短-长）以及抑扬格的强度和基频模式（高-低）。话语位置有时对扬抑抑格的影响与抑扬格不同，尤其是在单词末尾音节的时长方面。本文根据以往关于话语位置对音节声学特征影响的解释对研究结果进行了讨论。
