选定大豆品种对丝核菌根腐病及其他猝倒病病原菌的反应。
Reaction of selected soybean cultivars to Rhizoctonia root rot and other damping-off disease agents.
作者信息
Amer M A
机构信息
Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba-Basha), Alexandria University P.O. Box 21531, Bolkley, Alexandria, Egypt.
出版信息
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2005;70(3):381-90.
Eight soybean cultivars; Giza 21. Giza 22, Giza 35, Giza 82, Giza 83, Crawford, Holladay and Toamo were evaluated to Rhizoctonia root rot using agar plate and potted plant techniques. Data cleared that, in agar plate assay all soybean cultivars were moderately susceptible (MS), although the differences between them were significant (P=0.05). Generally, in potted assay, the reactions were resistant (R) or moderately resistant (MR) to root rots. Also, the differences between cultivars were significant (P=0.05). These cultivars were inoculated under greenhouse conditions with Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii Generally, G21 had the least pre-emergence damping-off followed by Giza 35, Crawford and Giza 83 with averages of 19.0, 20.0, 20.5 and 21.5%, respectively. In case of post-emergence, Giza 35 had the least values, followed by Giza 21, Crawford and Giza 82 with averages 3.95, 4.10, 4.10 and 4.25%, respectively. Under naturally infested soil in the field conditions the reactions of the same cultivars to damping-off were evaluated in two successive seasons. In 2002 season, G35 had the least pre-emergence damping-off % followed by Giza 21 and Giza 22 with averages of 22.61, 24.33 and 29.33%, respectively. Also, G35 had the least post-emergence damping-off % followed by Toamo and Giza 21 with averages of 9.40, 10.33 and 10.41%, respectively. In 2003 season, the same trend was appeared with light grade where Giza 35 had the least pre-emergence damping of % followed by Giza 22 and Giza 21 with averages of 30.67, 31.00 and 36.67%, respectively and Giza 35 was the most resistant cultivar against post-emergence damping-off, followed by Giza 21 and Giza 22 with averages of 10.91, 11.32 and 11.80%, respectively. Generally, Giza 21 significantly surpassed the other cultivars in plant height, number of pods per plant and 100-seed weight. Moreover, also it had second grade with the other traits.
八个大豆品种；吉萨21、吉萨22、吉萨35、吉萨82、吉萨83、克劳福德、霍拉迪和托阿莫，采用琼脂平板法和盆栽法对其进行了立枯丝核菌根腐病评估。数据表明，在琼脂平板试验中，所有大豆品种均为中度敏感（MS），尽管它们之间的差异显著（P = 0.05）。一般来说，在盆栽试验中，这些品种对根腐病的反应为抗病（R）或中度抗病（MR）。此外，品种间的差异也很显著（P = 0.05）。在温室条件下，用茄腐镰刀菌、菜豆壳球孢菌、立枯丝核菌和齐整小核菌对这些品种进行接种。一般来说，G21的出苗前猝倒率最低，其次是吉萨35、克劳福德和吉萨83，平均出苗前猝倒率分别为19.0%、20.0%、20.5%和21.5%。在出苗后，吉萨35的猝倒率最低，其次是吉萨21、克劳福德和吉萨82，平均出苗后猝倒率分别为3.95%、4.10%、4.10%和4.25%。在田间自然感染土壤条件下，连续两个季节对相同品种的猝倒病反应进行了评估。在2002年季节，G35的出苗前猝倒率最低，其次是吉萨21和吉萨22，平均出苗前猝倒率分别为22.61%、24.33%和29.33%。此外，G35的出苗后猝倒率最低，其次是托阿莫和吉萨21，平均出苗后猝倒率分别为9.40%、10.33%和10.41%。在2003年季节，出现了相同的趋势，轻度等级下，吉萨35的出苗前猝倒率最低，其次是吉萨22和吉萨21，平均出苗前猝倒率分别为30.
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