Anupurba S, Sen M R
Dept of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
J Commun Dis. 2005 Mar;37(1):58-65.
The incidence of antimicrobial resistance has increased over the years resulting in limitation of therapeutic options. Strategies such as appropriate infection control measures and surveillance of resistance pattern are necessary to address the problem of resistance. Knowledge of the pattern of resistance in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) can help to determine antibiotic prescribing policy. A retrospective study has been carried out to determine the bacterial spectrum and the antibiotic resistance pattern of clinical isolates collected from patients admitted to the ICU. The data was compared with a similar study conducted during 1996-97. Amongst the gram-positive organisms Staphylococcus aureus (23%) was the predominant isolate, while Pseudomonas (23%), Acinetobacter (20.8%), Citrobacter (11.7%) accounted for the majority of the gram-negative organisms. Both gram positive and gram-negative organisms exhibited high resistance to most antimicrobial agents used for testing susceptibility. The frequency of resistance has markedly increased as compared to the previous study.
多年来，抗菌药物耐药性的发生率有所上升，导致治疗选择受限。采取适当的感染控制措施和监测耐药模式等策略对于解决耐药问题至关重要。了解重症监护病房（ICU）的耐药模式有助于确定抗生素处方政策。开展了一项回顾性研究，以确定从入住ICU的患者中收集的临床分离株的细菌谱和抗生素耐药模式。将该数据与1996 - 1997年进行的一项类似研究进行了比较。在革兰氏阳性菌中，金黄色葡萄球菌（23%）是主要分离株，而革兰氏阴性菌中，铜绿假单胞菌（23%）、不动杆菌（20.8%）、柠檬酸杆菌（11.7%）占大多数。革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌对用于药敏试验的大多数抗菌药物均表现出高度耐药性。与之前的研究相比，耐药频率显著增加。
