Shaker Olfat, Youssef Randa
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
Dermatol Online J. 2006 Mar 30;12(3):4.
Fas (factor of apoptosis stimulus) is one of the death receptors belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily of receptors. When bound to its ligand, Fas-ligand (Fas-L), it triggers apoptosis. Ultraviolet (UV) rays can induce keratinocyte apoptosis by Fas/Fas-L interaction.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of Fas and Fas-L in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) as an example of malignant neoplasm and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) as a benign skin disease, which are both induced by UV.
The study included 20 cases of BCC, 20 cases of DLE and ten control cases. All biopsies of BCC and DLE were examined histopathologically. They were also examined for Fas and Fas-L by PCR.
In BCC, apoptosis was detected in 60 percent of cases. Fas was found to be positive in only one case and it was found to be negative in the other 19 cases (95 %). Fas-L was found to be positive in 100 percent of cases. In DLE, apoptosis was detected in 90 percent of cases. Fas was positive in 80 percent of cases, Fas-L was positive in 90% of cases.
Over-expression of Fas-L and lack of expression of Fas by tumor cells together with other factors act in favor of BCC by helping its survival and progression. Also, it seems that Fas/Fas-L interaction plays a critical role in the apoptosis seen in cases of DLE and hence in the pathogenesis of DLE.
Fas（凋亡刺激因子）是肿瘤坏死因子受体超家族中的死亡受体之一。当与配体Fas配体（Fas-L）结合时，它会触发细胞凋亡。紫外线（UV）可通过Fas/Fas-L相互作用诱导角质形成细胞凋亡。
本研究旨在评估Fas和Fas-L在基底细胞癌（BCC）（作为恶性肿瘤的一个例子）和盘状红斑狼疮（DLE）（作为一种良性皮肤病）中的作用，这两种疾病均由紫外线诱导。
该研究纳入20例基底细胞癌、20例盘状红斑狼疮和10例对照病例。对所有基底细胞癌和盘状红斑狼疮的活检组织进行组织病理学检查。还通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测Fas和Fas-L。
在基底细胞癌中，60%的病例检测到细胞凋亡。仅1例Fas呈阳性，其他19例（95%）呈阴性。100%的病例Fas-L呈阳性。在盘状红斑狼疮中，90%的病例检测到细胞凋亡。80%的病例Fas呈阳性，90%的病例Fas-L呈阳性。
肿瘤细胞Fas-L的过度表达和Fas的缺乏表达与其他因素一起，通过帮助基底细胞癌存活和进展，对其起到支持作用。此外，Fas/Fas-L相互作用似乎在盘状红斑狼疮病例中所见的细胞凋亡以及盘状红斑狼疮的发病机制中起关键作用。
