Jakić Marijana, Jakić Marko, Zibar Lada, Mihaljević Dubravka, Milas Jasminka
Zavod za javno zdravstvo Osjecko-baranjske zupanije.
Lijec Vjesn. 2006 Jan-Feb;128(1-2):13-9.
Physical growth is permanently influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Their impacts are overlapping, and therefore it is difficult to separate the contribution particularly ascribable to one or another kind of the factors. The study investigated the relation between body weight and height in 397 children (195 girls and 202 boys) enrolling primary school and their birth growth features on the one side, and their parents' heights on the other. The correlations between children's weight and height on enrolling primary school and their birth growth features were also studied. The aim was to examine the proportion of genetic determinacy of children's growth. Mean birth weight and length were 3440 +/- 413 g and 50.50 +/- 2.00 cm, respectively, and mean head circumference was 34.50 +/- 1.20 cm. On entering the primary school, the children were 6.70 +/- 0.30 years of age in average, and had mean body weight and height of 24.60 +/- 5.00 kg and 122.70 +/- 6.15 cm, respectively. Majority of children had both parents with middle or low education level, 285 (71.79%) of them. Majority of children also had both parents employed. 266 (67.00%) of them. Children's height on enrolling the school was in significant positive correlation with birth weight, length and head circumference, and with parents' heights. The correlation coefficient was the highest with father's height (r=0.473, p<0.01), and the lowest with birth weight (r=0.158, p<0.05). Children's weight on enrolling the school significantly positively correlated with the three birth growth features and with father's height, but not with mother's height (r=0.091, p>0.05). The correlation coefficient was the highest for father's height (r=0.288, p<0.01) again. All the birth parameters correlated stronger with mother's than with father's height. In the subgroup of children whose mothers were of equal or greater height than fathers (n=28), correlation coefficient between children's and fathers' heights (r=0.295, p<0.01) was lower than between children's and mothers' heights (r=0.474, p<0.01). In conclusion, children's weight and height at the time of enrolling primary school significantly positively correlates with their parents' heights. The correlations are stronger with father's height. Though, it is not the matter of gender, but of the higher parent. The birth growth parameters are only in part related to parents' heights (all three with mother's and only one with father's height). It is obvious that mothers' influence is dominant for children's growth at that time. There was no significant difference in any examined parameter between subgroups of children divided according to their parents education level and employment status.
身体生长受到遗传和环境因素的长期影响。它们的影响相互重叠，因此很难区分特别是归因于某一种因素的贡献。该研究调查了397名小学生（195名女孩和202名男孩）入学时的体重与身高、出生时的生长特征以及他们父母身高之间的关系。还研究了儿童入学时体重与身高和出生时生长特征之间的相关性。目的是检验儿童生长的遗传决定因素所占比例。出生时的平均体重和身长分别为3440±413克和50.50±2.00厘米，平均头围为34.50±1.20厘米。进入小学时，儿童平均年龄为6.70±0.30岁，平均体重和身高分别为24.60±5.00千克和122.70±6.15厘米。大多数儿童的父母教育水平为中等或低等，有285名（71.79%）。大多数儿童的父母也都有工作，有266名（67.00%）。儿童入学时的身高与出生体重、身长和头围以及父母身高呈显著正相关。与父亲身高的相关系数最高（r = 0.473，p<0.01），与出生体重的相关系数最低（r = 0.158，p<0.05）。儿童入学时的体重与出生时的三个生长特征以及父亲身高呈显著正相关，但与母亲身高无关（r = 0.091，p>0.05）。相关系数再次以父亲身高最高（r = 0.288，p<0.01）。所有出生参数与母亲身高的相关性都强于与父亲身高的相关性。在母亲身高等于或高于父亲的儿童亚组（n = 28）中，儿童与父亲身高的相关系数（r = 0.295，p<0.01）低于儿童与母亲身高的相关系数（r = 0.474，p<0.01）。总之，儿童入学时的体重和身高与父母身高呈显著正相关。与父亲身高的相关性更强。不过，这与性别无关，而是与父母中较高的一方有关。出生时的生长参数仅部分与父母身高相关（所有三个参数与母亲身高相关，只有一个与父亲身高相关）。很明显，在那个时候母亲的影响对儿童生长起主导作用。根据父母教育水平和就业状况划分的儿童亚组在任何检查参数上均无显著差异。
