Mania Katerina, Wooldridge Dave, Coxon Matthew, Robinson Andrew
Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2006 May-Jun;12(3):396-404. doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2006.55.
Accuracy of memory performance per se is an imperfect reflection of the cognitive activity (awareness states) that underlies performance in memory tasks. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of varied visual and interaction fidelity of immersive virtual environments on memory awareness states. A between groups experiment was carried out to explore the effect of rendering quality on location-based recognition memory for objects and associated states of awareness. The experimental space, consisting of two interconnected rooms, was rendered either flat-shaded or using radiosity rendering. The computer graphics simulations were displayed on a stereo head-tracked Head Mounted Display. Participants completed a recognition memory task after exposure to the experimental space and reported one of four states of awareness following object recognition. These reflected the level of visual mental imagery involved during retrieval, the familiarity of the recollection, and also included guesses. Experimental results revealed variations in the distribution of participants' awareness states across conditions while memory performance failed to reveal any. Interestingly, results revealed a higher proportion of recollections associated with mental imagery in the flat-shaded condition. These findings comply with similar effects revealed in two earlier studies summarized here, which demonstrated that the less "naturalistic" interaction interface or interface of low interaction fidelity provoked a higher proportion of recognitions based on visual mental images.
记忆表现本身的准确性并不能完美反映记忆任务表现背后的认知活动（意识状态）。本研究旨在探讨沉浸式虚拟环境中视觉和交互逼真度的变化对记忆意识状态的影响。进行了一项组间实验，以探究渲染质量对基于位置的物体识别记忆及相关意识状态的影响。实验空间由两个相连的房间组成，采用平面着色或辐射度渲染进行呈现。计算机图形模拟通过立体头部跟踪头戴式显示器展示。参与者在接触实验空间后完成一项识别记忆任务，并在物体识别后报告四种意识状态之一。这些状态反映了检索过程中涉及的视觉心理意象水平、回忆的熟悉程度，还包括猜测。实验结果显示，不同条件下参与者意识状态的分布存在差异，而记忆表现未显示出任何差异。有趣的是，结果显示在平面着色条件下，与心理意象相关的回忆比例更高。这些发现与这里总结的两项早期研究中揭示的类似效应相符，这两项研究表明，不太“自然主义”的交互界面或低交互逼真度的界面会引发更高比例基于视觉心理意象的识别。
