Hays Sean M, Pyatt David W
Summit Toxicology, 165 Valley Road, Lyons, Colorado 80540, USA.
Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2006 Jan;2(1):2-12.
Decabromodiphenyl (oxide) ether (Deca) is a widely used brominated flame retardant in the United States predominantly in the hard-plastic housings of consumer electronics and in flame-retarded backing on textiles used in furniture. A child-specific exposure assessment of Deca was performed for the US Environmental Protection Agency's Voluntary Children's Chemical Evaluation Program (VCCEP). The VCCEP guidance for a tier 1 exposure assessment requires that a screening-level assessment be conducted using currently available data and conservative assumptions. For Deca, relevant exposure pathways considered were general environmental exposures (e.g., exposures to contaminated soil, dust, air, and food), breast milk exposures, inhalation of Deca-containing particulates in air, and mouthing Deca-containing consumer products. For each of these scenarios, a mid-range and upper estimate of age-appropriate intakes were calculated. The calculated intakes indicate that, despite the uncertainties, children appear to be exposed to Deca at levels at least 1 order of magnitude, with most being several orders of magnitude, below the National Academy of Sciences reference dose for Deca of 4 mg/kg/d. This analysis indicates that, using the available data, current levels of Deca in the United States are unlikely to represent an adverse health risk for children.
十溴二苯（醚）（十溴联苯醚）是美国广泛使用的一种溴化阻燃剂，主要用于消费电子产品的硬塑料外壳以及家具用纺织品的阻燃背衬。针对美国环境保护局的自愿儿童化学评估计划（VCCEP），开展了一项针对儿童的十溴联苯醚暴露评估。VCCEP一级暴露评估指南要求使用现有数据和保守假设进行筛选水平评估。对于十溴联苯醚，考虑的相关暴露途径包括一般环境暴露（如接触受污染的土壤、灰尘、空气和食物）、母乳暴露、吸入空气中含十溴联苯醚的颗粒物以及接触含十溴联苯醚的消费品。对于上述每种情况，计算了适合各年龄段摄入量的中位值和上限估计值。计算得出的摄入量表明，尽管存在不确定性，但儿童接触十溴联苯醚的水平似乎至少比美国国家科学院规定的十溴联苯醚参考剂量4毫克/千克/日低1个数量级，大多数情况下低几个数量级。该分析表明，根据现有数据，美国目前的十溴联苯醚水平不太可能对儿童构成健康风险。
