University of New Mexico Medical School, Department of Surgery, 2211 Lomas Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2006 May;8(3):196-202. doi: 10.1007/s11908-006-0059-8.
Peritonsillar, retropharyngeal, and parapharyngeal abscesses are the most common deep cervical fascial space infections. Most develop secondary to an oropharyngeal or dental infection. Additional factors such as smoking and periodontal disease may also contribute to the formation of a peritonsillar abscess. The CT scan is used to confirm the presence of deep neck abscesses, but its accuracy has some limitations. Adequate drainage with accompanying antimicrobial therapy and hydration are the cornerstones of management. Catheter or needle drainage of these abscesses may provide an alternative to open procedures and is the drainage method of choice for peritonsillar abscesses. However, in selected cases, medical therapy alone, especially in children, can resolve parapharyngeal and hypopharyngeal abscesses. Ancillary use of steroids reduces morbidity in patients with a peritonsillar abscess and there is a limited but useful place for immediate tonsillectomy in the treatment of this disease.
扁桃体周围脓肿、咽后脓肿和咽旁脓肿是最常见的深部颈筋膜间隙感染。大多数继发于口咽或牙齿感染。其他因素，如吸烟和牙周病，也可能导致扁桃体周围脓肿的形成。CT 扫描用于确认深部颈部脓肿的存在，但它的准确性有一定的局限性。充分引流并伴随抗菌治疗和补液是管理的基石。这些脓肿的导管或针吸引流可作为开放性手术的替代方法，是扁桃体周围脓肿的首选引流方法。然而，在某些情况下，单独使用药物治疗，特别是在儿童中，可以解决咽旁和咽后脓肿。辅助使用类固醇可降低扁桃体周围脓肿患者的发病率，在该疾病的治疗中，立即扁桃体切除术有一定但有限的作用。
