Harris Llinos G, Richards R Geoff
AO Research Institute, AO Foundation, Davos, Switzerland.
Injury. 2006 May;37 Suppl 2:S3-14. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2006.04.003.
Surfaces of internal fracture fixation implants are generally designed to encourage soft- and/or hard-tissue adherence, eventually leading to tissue or osseo integration. Unfortunately, this feature may also encourage bacterial adhesion. About half of the two million cases of nosocomial infections per year in the US are associated with indwelling devices. In the UK, implant-associated infections are estimated to cost pound 7-11 million per year, and with the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, are an important issue. Soft-tissue infections and osteomyelitis are serious complications associated with implants, particularly open fractures, external fixation devices, and intramedullary nailing. Consequences of implant-associated infections include prolonged hospitalization with systemic antibiotic therapy, several revision procedures, possible amputation, and even death. This review discusses the issue of implant-associated infections and some of the methods used to prevent bacterial adhesion to osteosynthesis implants.
内部骨折固定植入物的表面通常设计用于促进软组织和/或硬组织附着，最终导致组织或骨整合。不幸的是，这一特性也可能促进细菌黏附。在美国，每年200万例医院感染病例中约有一半与留置装置有关。在英国，据估计植入物相关感染每年花费700万至1100万英镑，并且随着抗生素耐药细菌的增加，这是一个重要问题。软组织感染和骨髓炎是与植入物相关的严重并发症，特别是开放性骨折、外固定装置和髓内钉固定。植入物相关感染的后果包括因全身抗生素治疗而延长住院时间、多次翻修手术、可能的截肢，甚至死亡。本综述讨论了植入物相关感染问题以及一些用于防止细菌黏附于骨合成植入物的方法。
