Department of Soils and Plant Nutrition, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.
Plant Physiol. 1966 Dec;41(10):1725-35. doi: 10.1104/pp.41.10.1725.
The effects of H, Ca, and anaerobiosis upon loss of K to ambient solutions, upon changes in the fine structure, and upon the respiration of corn root tissue were studied. In the pH range 5.5 to 8.0 losses of K decreased with decreasing H concentration. Ca reduced K loss greatly in the lower part of the pH range but with increasing pH the effect of Ca declined. Losses of K under N(2) were much greater than those measured under air but the same effects of H and Ca were found. The effect of phosphate upon K loss was found to depend upon pH, temperature and the state of development of the tissue.In pure H(2)O or dilute HCl no obvious derangement of the fine structure of meristematic cells was found to occur in 3 hours above pH 4.4 except attenuation of the groundplasm. At pH 4.4 and below, serious injury was found. The presence of CaCl(2) or NaCl in the treatment solution greatly ameliorated the effect of H, CaCl(2) being effective at minute concentration (0.01 meq per liter). NaH(2)PO(4) was without any great effect. Anaerobiosis at neutral pH produced severe tissue damage.In contrast to anaerobic treatments, aerobic treatments (pH 5.8) resulting in large losses of K were not accompanied by any diminution of the respiratory rate.
研究了 H、Ca 和无氧条件对 K 向环境溶液流失、细微结构变化以及玉米根组织呼吸的影响。在 pH 值 5.5 至 8.0 范围内，随着 H 浓度的降低，K 的流失减少。在 pH 值较低的范围内，Ca 大大减少了 K 的流失，但随着 pH 值的增加，Ca 的作用下降。在 N(2)下的 K 流失比在空气中测量的流失大得多，但发现 H 和 Ca 有相同的作用。发现磷酸盐对 K 流失的影响取决于 pH 值、温度和组织的发育状态。
在 pH 值高于 4.4 的情况下，在纯 H(2)O 或稀 HCl 中，除了基质衰减外，3 小时内未发现分生细胞细微结构明显紊乱。在 pH 值 4.4 及以下时，发现严重损伤。在处理溶液中存在 CaCl(2)或 NaCl 可大大改善 H 的作用，CaCl(2)在微小浓度（每升 0.01 毫摩尔）下有效。NaH(2)PO(4)则没有任何显著效果。中性 pH 值下的无氧条件会导致严重的组织损伤。
与无氧处理相反，导致大量 K 流失的有氧处理（pH 值 5.8）并没有伴随着呼吸速率的任何降低。
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