Demoly Pascal, Rullier-Meyer Patricia, Godard Philippe, Bousquet Jean, Michel François-Bernard
Maladies Respiratoires, INSERM U454, IFR3, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex 05.
Bull Acad Natl Med. 2005 Oct;189(7):1461-73.
Epidemiological studies have shown that rhinitis and asthma are associated. At least four out of five asthmatics suffer from rhinitis and one out of four rhinitic subjects develop asthma. Recent progress in cellular and molecular biology confirms that the same inflammatory cells and similar mechanisms participate in the pathophysiology of the two diseases. Histological findings show that although nasal inflammation resembles bronchial inflammation, specific remodelling features that are present in asthma are lacking in rhinitis. This may be due to the different embryologic origin of the two organs. These similarities explain certain clinical interactions and are the basis of the ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma)--WHO guidelines recommending that symptoms of rhinitis be sought in asthmatic subjects and symptoms of asthma in rhinitic subjects.
流行病学研究表明，鼻炎和哮喘之间存在关联。至少五分之四的哮喘患者患有鼻炎，四分之一的鼻炎患者会发展为哮喘。细胞和分子生物学的最新进展证实，相同的炎症细胞和相似的机制参与了这两种疾病的病理生理学过程。组织学研究结果表明，尽管鼻腔炎症与支气管炎症相似，但鼻炎缺乏哮喘中存在的特定重塑特征。这可能是由于这两个器官的胚胎起源不同。这些相似之处解释了某些临床相互作用，也是变应性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响（ARIA）——世界卫生组织指南建议在哮喘患者中寻找鼻炎症状、在鼻炎患者中寻找哮喘症状的依据。
