An environmental profile of brick kilns in Lucknow.

Twenty two kilns in Lucknow were studied to identify the environmental hazards posed by the brick kilns and to quantify the environmental degradation which could be attributed to this industry. Study variables comprised SPM and RSPM levels, metal concentrations and total silica content in soil, temperature, humidity and noise levels in the work environment. Information's about the nature and type of kiln, fuel and water sources was also collected. 18.18 per cent of the kilns had moving steel chimneys with less than prescribed height. Approximately 1.89 + 0.87 acre of fertile agricultural land was used for manufacturing of clay brick per kiln, resulting in land degradation decrease in herb density and nutrient disorders in plants/trees in immediate vicinity. SPM level (93.3 mg/m3) was found to be much higher than the prescribed limit. The workers engaged in these kilns were at risk from dust and heat related diseases.