García de Yébenes J, Mena M, Astarloa R
Servicio de Neurología, Fundación Jiménez Dáz, Madrid.
Arch Neurobiol (Madr). 1991;54 Suppl 3:24-31.
Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by sustained twisting movements and muscle contractions and abnormal postures. Dystonia is a symptom present in many diseases of the central nervous system. Anatomical data reveal that dystonia appears in diseases involving the basal ganglia, diencephalon, brain stem and cerebellum. Physiological studies revealed an abnormal facilitation of polysynaptic reflexes at the brain stem level. A common pathogenic mechanism for dystonia must be found in order to delineate in effective treatment. From clinical and biochemical data we suggest that dystonia is produced by abnormal shift of the norepinephrine/dopamine neurotransmission in favor of norepinephrine in different brain areas.
肌张力障碍是一种运动障碍，其特征为持续的扭转运动、肌肉收缩和异常姿势。肌张力障碍是中枢神经系统许多疾病中出现的一种症状。解剖学数据显示，肌张力障碍出现在涉及基底神经节、间脑、脑干和小脑的疾病中。生理学研究揭示了脑干水平多突触反射的异常易化。必须找到肌张力障碍的共同致病机制，以便进行有效的治疗。根据临床和生化数据，我们认为肌张力障碍是由去甲肾上腺素/多巴胺神经传递在不同脑区偏向去甲肾上腺素的异常转变所产生的。
