超重女性中与身体活动及体重减轻相关的心理社会因素。

Psychosocial factors related to physical activity and weight loss in overweight women.

作者信息

Gallagher Kara I, Jakicic John M, Napolitano Melissa A, Marcus Bess H

机构信息

Physical Activity and Weight Management Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.

出版信息

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 May;38(5):971-80. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000218137.25970.c6.

DOI:10.1249/01.mss.0000218137.25970.c6

PMID:16672853

Abstract

PURPOSE

This study examined whether psychosocial factors related to physical activity in overweight, previously sedentary women were affected by a 6-month behavioral weight loss program. In addition, these psychosocial factors were examined across levels of weight loss and self-reported physical activity in response to a weight loss intervention.

METHODS

Data from 165 overweight (body mass index (BMI) = 32.7 +/- 4.2 kg.m(-2)) women (age = 37.6 +/- 5.5 yr) who participated in a comprehensive behavioral weight loss program that included behavioral education, moderate caloric restriction, and progressive home-based exercise were examined. Body weight was assessed at 0 and 6 months. Perceived benefits and barriers, physical activity self-efficacy, and physical activity processes of change were assessed at 0 and 6 months. Physical activity (minutes per week of at least moderate-intensity activity) was assessed using the 7-Day Physical Activity Recall at 0 and 6 months.

RESULTS

The intervention resulted in increases in physical activity self-efficacy, behavioral processes of change, and several cognitive processes of change(P < 0.05). There was a reduction in expected barriers for physical activity (P < 0.05). Individuals with > or = 10% weight loss reported higher levels of physical activity self-efficacy, greater use of behavioral strategies to elicit social support, and fewer barriers to physical activity than those with lower levels of physical activity and less weight loss (P < 0.05). Individuals reporting higher levels of exercise also reported higher levels of physical activity self-efficacy, greater use of behavioral strategies, and fewer barriers to physical activity than those individuals with lower levels of physical activity (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Targeting self-efficacy, behavioral strategies, and barriers in weight management programs may improve physical activity, which may result in improved weight loss in overweight adults.

摘要

目的

本研究探讨了与超重且先前久坐不动的女性身体活动相关的心理社会因素是否受到为期6个月的行为减肥计划的影响。此外，还针对减肥干预后不同程度的体重减轻和自我报告的身体活动水平，对这些心理社会因素进行了研究。

方法

对165名超重（体重指数（BMI）= 32.7±4.2 kg·m⁻²）女性（年龄 = 37.6±5.5岁）的数据进行了分析，这些女性参加了一项综合行为减肥计划，该计划包括行为教育、适度热量限制和渐进性家庭锻炼。在0个月和6个月时评估体重。在0个月和6个月时评估感知到的益处和障碍、身体活动自我效能感以及身体活动的改变过程。在0个月和6个月时使用7天身体活动回忆法评估身体活动（每周至少中等强度活动的分钟数）。

结果

干预导致身体活动自我效能感、行为改变过程以及几个认知改变过程有所增加（P < 0.05）。身体活动的预期障碍有所减少（P < 0.05）。体重减轻≥10%的个体比身体活动水平较低且体重减轻较少的个体报告了更高水平的身体活动自我效能感、更多地使用行为策略来获得社会支持以及更少的身体活动障碍（P < 0.05）。报告较高运动水平的个体也比身体活动水平较低的个体报告了更高水平的身体活动自我效能感、更多地使用行为策略以及更少的身体活动障碍（P < 0.05）。