Keep Nicholas H, Ward John M, Cohen-Gonsaud Martin, Henderson Brian
School of Crystallography and Institute of Structural Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London, UK, WC1E 7HX.
Trends Microbiol. 2006 Jun;14(6):271-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2006.04.003. Epub 2006 May 3.
When stressed, bacteria can enter various non-dividing states, which are medically important. For example, dormancy is used by Mycobacterium tuberculosis to evade host responses. A major breakthrough has been the discovery of resuscitation-promoting factor (Rpf) from Micrococcus luteus, which is an extremely potent anti-dormancy factor. Mycobacteria have multiple proteins that contain this domain. Surprisingly, the highly conserved resuscitation-promoting factor domain has strong structural similarities to lysozyme and soluble lytic transglycosylases, and it has been demonstrated that resuscitation-promoting factors cleave peptidoglycan. This suggests that the activation of dormant cells requires peptidoglycan hydrolysis, which either alters the mechanical properties of the cell wall to facilitate cell division or releases lysis products that function as anti-dormancy signals.
在受到压力时，细菌可进入各种非分裂状态，这些状态在医学上具有重要意义。例如，结核分枝杆菌利用休眠来逃避宿主反应。一项重大突破是从藤黄微球菌中发现了复苏促进因子（Rpf），它是一种极其有效的抗休眠因子。分枝杆菌有多种含有该结构域的蛋白质。令人惊讶的是，高度保守的复苏促进因子结构域与溶菌酶和可溶性溶菌转糖基酶具有很强的结构相似性，并且已经证明复苏促进因子可切割肽聚糖。这表明休眠细胞的激活需要肽聚糖水解，这要么改变细胞壁的机械性能以促进细胞分裂，要么释放作为抗休眠信号的裂解产物。
