Minor J R, Hamburg M A
Pharmacy Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Am J Hosp Pharm. 1991 Dec;48(12):2662-6.
The foundation, goals, and components of the research strategy developed by the National Institutes of Health to combat AIDS and HIV infection are discussed. The AIDS research agenda, based on systems originally designed to coordinate cancer research, involves a national effort to study various aspects of the disease, disseminate information, and rapidly develop and test drugs and vaccines to treat and prevent AIDS and HIV disease. AIDS research makes up approximately 10% of the total NIH budget of $7.6 billion, and the largest portion of that allocation goes to improving current treatments and developing new agents. Drug discovery efforts are supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) through the Division of Intramural Research, in which biomedical and clinical research is conducted, and the Division of AIDS, which coordinates extramural research in university-based centers and community programs. By providing educational materials and sponsoring conferences, NIAID also helps to disseminate the results of the research it coordinates. Pharmacists support AIDS research through their involvement with study drug products and their role in protocol development, regulatory affairs, product development, and accumulation and distribution of drug information. Research initiatives sponsored by the federal government combine resources of investigators from government, academia, and the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries to meet the challenges posed by the AIDS epidemic.
本文讨论了美国国立卫生研究院（National Institutes of Health）制定的抗击艾滋病和艾滋病毒感染研究战略的基础、目标和组成部分。艾滋病研究议程基于最初为协调癌症研究而设计的系统，涉及全国范围内对该疾病各个方面的研究、信息传播，以及迅速开发和测试治疗和预防艾滋病及艾滋病毒疾病的药物和疫苗。艾滋病研究约占国立卫生研究院76亿美元总预算的10%，其中最大一部分用于改善现有治疗方法和开发新药物。药物研发工作由美国国立过敏与传染病研究所（National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases，NIAID）通过内设研究部门（该部门进行生物医学和临床研究）以及艾滋病部门（该部门协调大学中心和社区项目的外部研究）提供支持。通过提供教育材料和主办会议，NIAID还帮助传播其协调的研究成果。药剂师通过参与研究药品以及在方案制定、监管事务、产品开发以及药物信息的收集和传播方面的作用来支持艾滋病研究。联邦政府发起的研究倡议整合了来自政府、学术界以及制药和生物技术行业的研究人员资源，以应对艾滋病疫情带来的挑战。
