Mack Julia J, Tari Susanne, Kaner Richard B
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, USA.
Inorg Chem. 2006 May 15;45(10):4243-6. doi: 10.1021/ic060232k.
Ignition of three solids creates multiwalled carbon nanotubes in seconds. A solid-state metathesis (exchange) reaction between hexachloroethane (C2Cl6) and lithium acetylide (Li2C2) with 5% cobalt dichloride (CoCl2) added as an initiator produces up to 7% carbon nanotubes, as observed via transmission electron microscopy. Using the concept that sulfur can promote nanotube growth, the reaction yield can be increased to 15% by switching to CoS as the initiator. The more readily available, inexpensive calcium carbide (CaC2) can be substituted for lithium acetylide while maintaining comparable yields. Switching initiators to FeS can be used to further enhance the yield. A systematic study of the C2Cl6/CaC2 reaction system indicates that a yield up to 25% can be realized by using 6% FeS as the initiator. Reaction temperatures for the C(2)Cl6/CaC2 system of up to 3550 degrees C are calculated using thermodynamic data assuming quantitative yield and adiabatic conditions.
三种固体的点火在数秒内就能生成多壁碳纳米管。六氯乙烷（C₂Cl₆）与乙炔锂（Li₂C₂）之间的固态复分解（交换）反应，添加5%的二氯化钴（CoCl₂）作为引发剂，通过透射电子显微镜观察发现可产生高达7%的碳纳米管。利用硫能促进纳米管生长这一概念，通过改用CoS作为引发剂，反应产率可提高到15%。更易获得且价格低廉的碳化钙（CaC₂）可替代乙炔锂，同时保持相当的产率。改用FeS作为引发剂可进一步提高产率。对C₂Cl₆/CaC₂反应体系的系统研究表明，使用6%的FeS作为引发剂可实现高达25%的产率。假设定量产率和绝热条件，利用热力学数据计算出C₂Cl₆/CaC₂体系的反应温度高达3550℃。
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