Borstad John D, Ludewig Paula M
Physical Therapy Division, School of Allied Medical Professions, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1234, USA.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2006 May-Jun;15(3):324-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2005.08.011.
Pectoralis minor adaptive shortening in healthy individuals is associated with altered scapular kinematics similar to the alterations demonstrated in individuals with subacromial impingement. This associative relationship suggests that stretching of the pectoralis minor may improve scapular kinematics and assist in the management of shoulder impingement. Several stretches for the pectoralis minor are used clinically, although it is not known which stretch optimally lengthens the muscle. The purpose of this analysis was to compare the mean length change for 3 pectoralis minor stretches. Fifty subjects without shoulder pathology were examined for the change in length of the pectoralis minor during 3 separate stretches by use of an electromagnetic motion-capture system. The stretches analyzed were a unilateral self-stretch, a supine manual stretch, and a sitting manual stretch. Each stretch was significantly different from the other two (df, 2/98; F ratio, 39.09; P < .00001), with the unilateral self-stretch demonstrating the greatest length change (2.24 cm), followed by the supine manual stretch (1.69 cm) and the sitting manual stretch (0.77 cm). Knowledge of the most effective method of elongating the pectoralis minor muscle may improve clinical decision making when targeting this anterior scapulothoracic muscle as part of intervention for or prevention of shoulder impingement.
健康个体中胸小肌适应性缩短与肩胛运动学改变有关，类似于肩峰下撞击综合征患者所表现出的改变。这种关联关系表明，拉伸胸小肌可能会改善肩胛运动学，并有助于管理肩部撞击。临床上使用了几种针对胸小肌的拉伸方法，尽管尚不清楚哪种拉伸能最佳地拉长该肌肉。本分析的目的是比较3种胸小肌拉伸的平均长度变化。使用电磁运动捕捉系统，对50名无肩部病变的受试者在3种不同拉伸过程中胸小肌的长度变化进行了检查。分析的拉伸方法包括单侧自我拉伸、仰卧位手法拉伸和坐位手法拉伸。每种拉伸与其他两种拉伸均有显著差异（自由度，2/98；F值，39.09；P <.00001），其中单侧自我拉伸的长度变化最大（2.24厘米），其次是仰卧位手法拉伸（1.69厘米）和坐位手法拉伸（0.77厘米）。了解拉长胸小肌最有效的方法，可能会改善临床决策，即在将这块肩胛胸廓前部肌肉作为肩部撞击干预或预防措施的一部分时做出更优决策。
