Younes Nidal A, Bakri Faris G
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, PO Box 13024, Amman 11942, Jordan.
Saudi Med J. 2006 May;27(5):596-603.
Diabetic foot infection DFI is simply defined as suspected or documented infection of the tissues that comprise the foot of a diabetic patient. Diabetic foot infection is often caused by introduction of an infection into the otherwise sterile soft tissues of the foot through a minor skin break down. Diabetic foot infection may be mild usually restricted to the uppermost layers of the skin, moderate extending down to the soft tissues of the foot or severe infection associated with systemic toxicity or metabolic instability. The paper reviews the types of DFI, pathophysiology, microbiology of DFI, relevant anatomy of the foot, clinical evaluation, measures of severity of DFI, the role of radiological investigations, and the role of early surgical intervention in the prevention of progressive foot infection and limb salvage. It is concluded that the diagnosis of DFI should be suspected at an early stage based on the presence of local signs of inflammation with or without systemic signs of toxicity or metabolic instability. Optimal treatment of DFI requires a multimodality approach directed at controlling hyperglycemia, administration of systemic antibiotics, and local wound management to prevent the spread and dissemination of infection.
糖尿病足感染（DFI）简单定义为对糖尿病患者足部组织的疑似或确诊感染。糖尿病足感染通常是由于通过轻微皮肤破损，使感染侵入原本无菌的足部软组织而引起的。糖尿病足感染可能较轻，通常局限于皮肤的最上层；也可能为中度，向下延伸至足部软组织；或者是伴有全身毒性或代谢不稳定的严重感染。本文综述了糖尿病足感染的类型、病理生理学、微生物学、足部相关解剖学、临床评估、糖尿病足感染严重程度的衡量指标、影像学检查的作用以及早期手术干预在预防足部感染进展和肢体挽救中的作用。结论是，基于有无全身毒性或代谢不稳定的局部炎症体征，应在早期怀疑糖尿病足感染的诊断。糖尿病足感染的最佳治疗需要采取多模式方法，包括控制高血糖、给予全身抗生素以及进行局部伤口处理，以防止感染的扩散和传播。
