Yamanaka S, Takaku S, Takaesu Y, Nishimura M
Tokyo Dental College.
Bull Tokyo Dent Coll. 1991 Nov;32(4):157-63.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of salivary thiocyanate as an indicator of cyanide exposure from smoking. The salivary thiocyanate level showed wide variation, and the largest source of thiocyanate was hydrogen cyanide from cigarette smoke. Hydrogen cyanide in the mainstream of cigarette smoke was as high as 40-70 ppm, which is beyond the threshold limit value for occupational health (10 ppm). The hydrogen cyanide level in the sidestream smoke was lower less than 5 ppm. Thus the amount of cyanide intake was larger in active smokers than in passive ones. The correlation between the thiocyanate level in saliva and plasma was statistically significant. Thiocyanate levels in both plasma and saliva increased with the amount of cigarette smoke, and the discriminant powers (smoker versus non smoker) of thiocyanate levels in both plasma and saliva were quite similar. The smoker/non smoker ratio for salivary thiocyanate was 3.04 and that of plasma thiocyanate was 1.73. The result indicated that smoking status could be reflected more by the thiocyanate level in saliva than in plasma. The biological half life of salivary thiocyanate was estimated to be as long as 9.5 days from the changes salivary thiocyanate after stopping smoking. From the results of this study, it was concluded that salivary thiocyanate was a suitable indicator of habitual smoking exposure.
本研究的目的是评估唾液硫氰酸盐作为吸烟导致氰化物暴露指标的有效性。唾液硫氰酸盐水平显示出很大差异，硫氰酸盐的最大来源是香烟烟雾中的氰化氢。香烟主流烟雾中的氰化氢高达40 - 70 ppm，超过了职业健康的阈限值（10 ppm）。侧流烟雾中的氰化氢水平较低，低于5 ppm。因此，主动吸烟者的氰化物摄入量大于被动吸烟者。唾液和血浆中硫氰酸盐水平之间的相关性具有统计学意义。血浆和唾液中的硫氰酸盐水平均随吸烟量增加而升高，血浆和唾液中硫氰酸盐水平对吸烟者与非吸烟者的判别能力相当相似。唾液硫氰酸盐的吸烟者/非吸烟者比率为3.04，血浆硫氰酸盐的吸烟者/非吸烟者比率为1.73。结果表明，唾液中的硫氰酸盐水平比血浆中的硫氰酸盐水平更能反映吸烟状况。根据戒烟后唾液硫氰酸盐的变化估计，唾液硫氰酸盐的生物半衰期长达9.5天。从本研究结果得出结论，唾液硫氰酸盐是习惯性吸烟暴露的合适指标。
