Zhou X D, Tang Z Y, Yu Y Q, Hou Z
Liver Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical University, People's Republic of China.
Hepatogastroenterology. 1991 Dec;38 Suppl 1:46-55.
After a long, hopeless period in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the diagnosis and treatment of HCC have progressed remarkably in the past decade. In particular the discovery of asymptomatic HCC in the early 1970s opened up a new era in clinical research of HCC. With the progress in the diagnostic imaging of liver tumors, a 1 cm hepatic mass can now be detected. It is especially worth noting that a 5-year survival rate of 72.9% has been achieved after the resection of the tumor in asymptomatic HCC patients. The role of surgery in the treatment of HCC has become more important. Various modalities of medical treatment and combination therapy have been recommended and used. Despite the progress in the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC, a complete cure is very rare. Problems to be studied include new tumor markers for the early detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative HCC, the development of more specific treatments for unresectable HCC with uncompensated cirrhosis, and an effective approach to preventing recurrence and metastasis after radical resection.
在肝细胞癌（HCC）治疗经历了漫长、无望的阶段后，过去十年里HCC的诊断和治疗取得了显著进展。尤其是20世纪70年代初无症状HCC的发现，开启了HCC临床研究的新纪元。随着肝脏肿瘤诊断成像技术的进步，现在可以检测到1厘米的肝脏肿块。特别值得注意的是，无症状HCC患者肿瘤切除后5年生存率达到了72.9%。手术在HCC治疗中的作用变得更加重要。各种药物治疗和联合治疗方法已被推荐和使用。尽管HCC的早期诊断和治疗取得了进展，但完全治愈的情况非常罕见。有待研究的问题包括用于早期检测甲胎蛋白（AFP）阴性HCC的新肿瘤标志物、针对失代偿性肝硬化不可切除HCC的更特异性治疗方法的开发，以及根治性切除后预防复发和转移的有效方法。
