Plainis S, Murray I J, Carden D
School of Health Sciences, Institute of Vision and Optics, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2006 May;26(3):318-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2006.00350.x.
Under dark adapted or dim conditions the mammalian visual system is carefully programmed to respond rapidly to the sudden onset of bright lights. This response, called the dazzle reflex, is controlled from sub-cortical structures of the brain. It is known anecdotally that exposure to a bright light when dark adapted induces an instinctive closure of one eye to reduce the pain associated with dazzle. This binocular summation of the dazzle response has not previously been reported. The dazzle reflex can be measured in human subjects by recording the electrical activity from surface electrodes located near the muscles around the eye. In this paper we report an investigation of the apparent binocular summation of the dazzle reflex using this technique. The data reveal a clear difference between monocular and binocular stimulation, with the binocular response being much larger than the monocular response. Furthermore this monocular/binocular difference arises only if the stimulus duration is longer than approximately 1 s. These observations are interpreted in terms of the known physiology of blink mechanisms.
在暗适应或昏暗条件下，哺乳动物的视觉系统经过精心编程，能够对强光的突然出现迅速做出反应。这种反应称为眩光反射，由大脑的皮质下结构控制。据传闻，在暗适应时暴露于强光会导致一只眼睛本能地闭合，以减轻与眩光相关的疼痛。此前尚未报道过这种眩光反应的双眼总和现象。通过记录位于眼睛周围肌肉附近的表面电极的电活动，可以在人类受试者中测量眩光反射。在本文中，我们报告了使用该技术对眩光反射明显的双眼总和现象进行的一项研究。数据显示单眼刺激和双眼刺激之间存在明显差异，双眼反应远大于单眼反应。此外，只有当刺激持续时间长于约1秒时，才会出现这种单眼/双眼差异。这些观察结果根据已知的眨眼机制生理学进行了解释。
