Martinet Yves, Bohadana Abraham, Fagerström Karl
Unité de Tabacologie, Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nancy, France.
Lung Cancer. 2006 Jul;53(1):1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2006.03.006. Epub 2006 May 11.
Tobacco use is dominated by cigarette smoking. Most toxicity due to cigarette smoking is related to the burning process. Several observations suggest that unburned or oral tobacco is less harmful than cigarette smoking. Up to now, physicians have advised a policy based on two ideas: (i) young people should not start smoking and (ii) the only choice for smokers is to quit. However, numerous smokers cannot or do not want to give up; eventually, one out of two lifelong smokers will die from smoke-related diseases. Thus, it is legitimate to ask if alternate nicotine containing product use would be better than cigarette smoking and limit the tobacco death toll. However, the logic leading to the concept of tobacco harm reduction (THR) turns out to be much more complex than it looks at a first glance.
烟草使用以吸烟为主。吸烟造成的大多数毒性与燃烧过程有关。一些观察表明，未燃烧的烟草或口用烟草比吸烟危害小。到目前为止，医生们一直建议基于两个理念的政策：（i）年轻人不应开始吸烟，（ii）吸烟者的唯一选择是戒烟。然而，许多吸烟者无法或不想戒烟；最终，每两个终身吸烟者中就有一人会死于与吸烟相关的疾病。因此，询问使用含尼古丁的替代产品是否会比吸烟更好并减少烟草死亡人数是合理的。然而，导致烟草危害降低（THR）概念的逻辑远比乍一看要复杂得多。
