Giger Joyce Newman, Davidhizar Ruth E, Fordham Pamela
University of California Los Angeles School of Nursing in Los Angeles, California, USA.
J Cult Divers. 2006 Spring;13(1):3-9.
Attention to culturally specific rituals germane to end-of-life rituals are important for the nurse who is delivering culturally competent care. The Patient Self-Determination Act implemented in the United States in 1991 brought with it some specific assumptions of values related to end-of-life care involving patient autonomy, informed decision making, truth telling and control over the dying process (USC, 1990). The assumptions and values assumed in this act are not necessarily shared by persons in the United States who are from a minority culture, particularly one other than White of European descent. This manuscript considers the values of the Patient Self-Determination Act passed in the United States and specific cultural beliefs which may pose a conflict for the care giver in the delivery of culturally competent care. The Giger and Davdihizar (2004) Transcultural Assessment Model is used as a way to assess patient and the family in an effort to plan culturally appropriate care that recognizes the uniqueness of each individual at the end of life.
关注与临终仪式相关的特定文化习俗，对于提供具有文化胜任力护理的护士来说非常重要。1991年在美国实施的《患者自主决定法案》带来了一些与临终护理相关的特定价值观假设，涉及患者自主权、知情决策、告知真相以及对死亡过程的控制（美国法典，1990年）。该法案所假定的这些假设和价值观，并非一定为美国少数族裔文化背景的人所认同，尤其是那些非欧洲裔白人的群体。本文探讨了美国通过的《患者自主决定法案》中的价值观，以及在提供具有文化胜任力护理时可能给护理人员带来冲突的特定文化信仰。吉格和戴维希扎尔（2004年）的跨文化评估模型被用作评估患者及其家庭的一种方式，以便规划出符合文化背景的护理方案，承认每个人在生命末期的独特性。
