Neumark-Sztainer Dianne, Wall Melanie, Eisenberg Marla E, Story Mary, Hannan Peter J
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South Second Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
Prev Med. 2006 Jul;43(1):52-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.03.014. Epub 2006 May 11.
This study examined 5-year longitudinal and secular trends in weight status and the use of healthy and unhealthy weight control behaviors in adolescents.
Project EAT-II followed 2516 adolescents from Minnesota longitudinally from 1999 to 2004. The population included two cohorts allowing for the observation of transitions from early to middle adolescence (junior high school to high school) and from middle to late adolescence (high school to post-high school).
The prevalence of overweight (females: 28.7%; males: 28.0%) was high in early adolescence and remained high throughout adolescence. In females, between early and middle adolescence, there were steep longitudinal increases in the use of unhealthy weight control behaviors (48.6% to 58.8%, P = 0.001) and extreme weight control behaviors (9.4% to 17.9%, P < 0.001), and between middle and late adolescence, extreme weight control behaviors increased from 14.5% to 23.9% (P < 0.001). In males, extreme weight control behaviors doubled from middle to late adolescence (3.4% to 6.3%, P = 0.023). Use of diet pills doubled from 7.5% to 14.2% from 1999 to 2004 (P = 0.004) in high school females. One fifth (19.9%) of females in late adolescence reported taking diet pills.
Overweight status and unhealthy weight control behaviors in adolescents are major public health concerns that warrant interventions addressing both problems.
本研究调查了青少年体重状况的5年纵向和长期趋势，以及健康和不健康体重控制行为的使用情况。
“青少年饮食与健康追踪研究二期（Project EAT-II）”于1999年至2004年对明尼苏达州的2516名青少年进行了纵向跟踪研究。研究对象包括两个队列，以便观察从青春期早期到中期（初中到高中）以及从青春期中期到晚期（高中到高中后）的转变。
超重患病率在青春期早期较高（女性：28.7%；男性：28.0%），且在整个青春期都保持在较高水平。在女性中，从青春期早期到中期，不健康体重控制行为的使用率大幅纵向上升（从48.6%升至58.8%，P = 0.001），极端体重控制行为的使用率也显著上升（从9.4%升至17.9%，P < 0.001）；从青春期中期到晚期，极端体重控制行为的使用率从14.5%增至23.9%（P < 0.001）。在男性中，极端体重控制行为从青春期中期到晚期增加了一倍（从3.4%增至6.3%，P = 0.023）。1999年至2004年，高中女生中使用减肥药的比例从7.5%增至14.2%（P = 0.004）。近五分之一（19.9%）的青春期晚期女性报告使用过减肥药。
青少年超重状况和不健康体重控制行为是主要的公共卫生问题，需要针对这两个问题进行干预。
