Chen Jing, Yang Lei
Medical and Life Science College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2006 Apr;24(4):194-7.
To explore the maximum acceptable weight of lift (MAWL) in different lifting conditions and the suitable lifting equation for the stipulation of occupational health standard of manual lifting tasks in China.
The MAWL was investigated among the thirteen male and ten female students using psychophysical methodology and the recommended weight of limit (RWL) was compared.
The MAWL of male and female subjects was decreased gradually with the increase of lifting height. Once the height of lifting was over shoulder, the MAWL was decreased dramatically. The RWL was greater than the MAWL at 25 cm horizontal distance in male subjects, but the RWL was smaller than the MAWL at the distance of 45 cm and 63 cm. The average MAWL of male subjects was 30.8% greater than that of female subjects. The MAWL was decreased gradually with increase of the horizontal distance at the same height of lifting. The result of the male subjects was consistent with that of the female subjects. For the asymmetric lifting tasks of the male subjects, the bigger the angle of rotation was, the less the MAWL became. The angle of rotation had negative correlation with the capability of lifting (r = -0.996 6, P < 0.01). When the subjects performed asymmetric lifting tasks, the RWL was smaller than the MAWL and the difference was significant.
The revision is sufficient for the horizontal distance and asymmetric lifting in the NIOSH lifting equation, but it is not suitable for height, especially for the task of lifting over shoulder. The RWL for the task of lifting over shoulder should be lowered. The factor of gender should be taken into account in the lifting equation and the constant of gender S can be added. Then S = 1 for male while S = 0.692 for female.
探讨不同提举条件下的最大可接受提举重量（MAWL），以及适合我国手工提举作业职业健康标准规定的提举公式。
采用心理物理学方法对13名男学生和10名女学生进行MAWL调查，并比较推荐重量限值（RWL）。
男女受试者的MAWL均随提举高度的增加而逐渐降低。一旦提举高度超过肩部，MAWL会急剧下降。在男性受试者中，水平距离为25 cm时RWL大于MAWL，但在45 cm和63 cm距离时RWL小于MAWL。男性受试者的平均MAWL比女性受试者高30.8%。在相同提举高度下，MAWL随水平距离的增加而逐渐降低。男性受试者的结果与女性受试者一致。对于男性受试者的不对称提举任务，旋转角度越大，MAWL越小。旋转角度与提举能力呈负相关（r = -0.996 6，P < 0.01）。当受试者进行不对称提举任务时，RWL小于MAWL，且差异显著。
美国国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）提举公式中对水平距离和不对称提举的修正已足够，但不适用于高度，尤其是过肩提举任务。过肩提举任务的RWL应降低。提举公式中应考虑性别因素，可增加性别常数S。男性S = 1，女性S = 0.692。
