Wu Kaihong, Liu Ying Long, Cui Bin, Han Zhongchao
Pediatric Cardiac Center, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Transpl Immunol. 2006 Jun;16(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.trim.2006.03.004. Epub 2006 Apr 5.
Congenital and acquired heart diseases are leading causes of morbidity and mortality world-wide. Currently, the synthetic materials or bioprosthetic replacement devices for cardiovascular surgery are imperfect and subject patients to one or more ongoing risks including thrombosis, limited durability and need for reoperations due to lack of growth in children and young adults. Suitable replacement grafts should have appropriate characteristics, including resistance to infection, low immunogenicity, good biocompatability and thromboresistance, with appropriate mechanical and physiological properties. Tissue engineering is a new scientific field aiming at fabrication of living, autologous grafts having structure or function properties that can be used to restore, maintain or improve tissue function. The use of autologous stem cells in cardiovascular tissue engineering is quite promising due to their capacity of self-renewal, high proliferation, and differentiation into specialized progeny. Progress has been made in engineering the various components of the cardiovascular system, including myocardial constructs, heart valves, and vascular patches or conduits with autologous stem cells. This paper will review the current achievements in stem cell-based cardiovascular grafts tissue engineering, with an emphasis on its clinical or possible clinical use in cardiovascular surgery.
先天性和后天性心脏病是全球发病和死亡的主要原因。目前，用于心血管手术的合成材料或生物假体置换装置并不完美，会使患者面临一种或多种持续风险，包括血栓形成、耐久性有限以及由于儿童和年轻人缺乏生长而需要再次手术。合适的替代移植物应具有适当的特性，包括抗感染性、低免疫原性、良好的生物相容性和抗血栓性，以及适当的机械和生理特性。组织工程是一个新的科学领域，旨在制造具有可用于恢复、维持或改善组织功能的结构或功能特性的活的自体移植物。由于自体干细胞具有自我更新、高增殖以及分化为特定子代的能力，因此在心血管组织工程中的应用前景广阔。利用自体干细胞对心血管系统的各个组成部分进行工程构建已取得进展，包括心肌构建体、心脏瓣膜以及血管补片或导管。本文将综述基于干细胞的心血管移植物组织工程的当前成果，重点关注其在心血管手术中的临床应用或可能的临床应用。
